Kupititsa patsogolo zida zowunikira matenda a Alzheimer's
- PMID: 31942517
- PMCID: PMC6880670
- DOI: 10.1002/agm2.12069
Kudalirika
Pa maziko ake, Matenda a Alzheimer (AD) ndi njira ya pathological yomwe imakhudza neuroplasticity, zomwe zimapangitsa kusokonezeka kwa kukumbukira kwa episodic. Ndemangayi ipereka zifukwa zomveka zoyitanitsa kuti awonetsetse kuti ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer's, kuwunikira zida zomwe zilipo pakali pano zowunikira matenda a Alzheimer's, ndikuwunika kwambiri za chitukuko cha MemTrax. mayeso okumbukira pa intaneti, yomwe imapereka njira yatsopano yodziwira mawonetseredwe oyambirira ndi kupitirira kwa dementia yokhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. MemTrax imawunika ma metric omwe amawonetsa zotsatira za njira zama neuroplastic pakuphunzira, kukumbukira, ndi kuzindikira, zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zaka komanso Matenda a Alzheimer, makamaka ma episodic memory function, omwe panopa sangayesedwe mwatsatanetsatane mokwanira kuti agwiritse ntchito mwanzeru. Kupititsa patsogolo kwa MemTrax kungakhale kopindulitsa kwambiri kuzindikira koyambirira kwa matenda a Alzheimer's ndipo ikanapereka thandizo pakuyezetsa koyambirira.
MAU OYAMBA
Matenda a Alzheimer (AD) ndi matenda obisika, opita patsogolo, komanso osasinthika omwe akuwoneka kuti ayamba kukhudza ubongo pafupifupi zaka 50 matenda onse asanachitike (Braak stage V). Monga kutsogolera chifukwa cha dementia, zomwe zimapanga 60-70% mwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi vuto la dementia, AD imakhudza pafupifupi anthu a ku America 5.7 ndi anthu oposa 30 miliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Malinga ndi "Dziko Lipoti la Alzheimer 2018," pali vuto latsopano la dementia adapangidwa masekondi a 3 aliwonse padziko lonse lapansi ndipo 66% ya odwala matenda a dementia amakhala m'maiko otsika ndi apakati.
Matenda a Alzheimer's ndi matenda aakulu okhawo omwe pakali pano alibe njira zochizira, kubweza, kumanga, kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwa matenda akangoyamba kumene. Ngakhale kupita patsogolo kwachitika kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a Alzheimer's, chithandizo cha matendawa chapita patsogolo pang'ono kuyambira pamene AD inanenedwa koyamba ndi Alois Alzheimer mu 1906. US Food and Drug Administration pochiza AD, kuphatikizapo zoletsa zinayi za cholinesterase-tetrahydroaminoacridine (Tacrine, yomwe inachotsedwa pamsika chifukwa cha kawopsedwe), donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), ndi galantamine (Razadyne) - imodzi ya NMDA receptor modulator (memantine [Namenda] ]), ndi kuphatikiza kwa memantine ndi donepezil (Namzaric). Othandizira awa awonetsa luso lochepa chabe losintha zotsatira za Matenda a Alzheimer's pakuphunzira, kukumbukira, ndi kuzindikira kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, koma sanasonyeze zotsatirapo zazikulu pakukula kwa matenda. Ndi matenda apakati azaka za 8-12 komanso zaka zomaliza zomwe zimafuna chisamaliro chanthawi zonse, mtengo wapadziko lonse wa dementia mu 2018 unali US $ 1 thililiyoni ndipo izi zidzakwera ku US $ 2 trillion pofika 2030. akukhulupirira kuti sangachedwe chifukwa cha zovuta pakuwunika kuchuluka kwa dementia ndi mtengo wake. Mwachitsanzo, Jia et al akuti mtengo wa matenda a Alzheimer ku China unali wokwera kwambiri kuposa ziwerengero zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu "World Alzheimer Report 2015" yochokera ku Wang et al.
Kukula mosalekeza, AD imayamba ndi gawo lopanda zizindikiro zachipatala ndikupitilira gawo loyambirira ndi kuwonongeka kwachidziwitso pang'ono (MCI; kapena prodromal AD) zomwe zimakhudza kuthekera kosunga zidziwitso zatsopano m'makumbukidwe a episodic komanso kutayika pang'onopang'ono kwa kukumbukira zakale zisanachitike kupangitsa kuti munthu ayambe kudwala dementia.
UPHINDO WODZIWIKA MWA AD
Pakadali pano, kuzindikira kotsimikizika kwa AD kumadalirabe pakuwunika kwa postmortem, ngakhale kuwunikaku kungakhale kovuta. Ngakhale kupita patsogolo kwakukulu kwachitika mu AD biomarkers, kuzindikira kwachipatala kwa AD kumakhalabe njira yochotsera zifukwa zina za dementia. Akuti pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya odwala AD sali anapezeka ali ndi moyo m'mayiko otukuka komanso matenda a Alzheimer's odwala omwe ali m'mayiko opeza ndalama zochepa ndi zapakati mwina sakudziwika.
Kugogomezera kuzindikiridwa koyambirira ndi kulowererapo koyambirira kwakula kwambiri ngati njira yabwino yothanirana ndi AD. Khama lalikulu lapangidwa pofuna kuzindikiritsa ogwira ntchito njira zopewera zomwe zingachepetse kuchuluka kwa dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Kafukufuku wotsatiridwa kwa nthawi yayitali awonetsa, mwachitsanzo, kuti kutsatira njira ya Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) zakudya zinali. Zogwirizana ndi kuchepa kwa 53% kwa chitukuko cha AD komanso kuti zochitika zapakati pazaka zapakati pathupi ndi zamaganizo zimalumikizidwa ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa dementia. chitukuko ndi chenjezo kuti maphunziro amtunduwu ndi ovuta kuwawongolera.
Ngakhale kuwunika kwa dementia mwa anthu opanda zizindikiro sikunavomerezedwe ndi United States Preventative Services Task Force potengera umboni womwe udapezeka kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2012, kuyesa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro komanso omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha Matenda a Alzheimer ndi ofunikira kuti azindikire msanga komanso kuzindikira matenda a Alzheimer's, ndipo ndikofunikira kwambiri kukonzekera odwala ndi achibale kuti athe kudziwa za matendawa. Komanso, popatsidwa umboni watsopano wa njira zodzitetezera zomwe zingakhale zothandiza komanso zopindulitsa zoyamba matenda a Alzheimer's kuti Alzheimer's Association ikufotokoza mu lipoti lapadera la mutu wakuti "Alzheimer's Disease: Financial and Personal Benefits of Early Diagnosis" mu "Alzheimer's Disease Figures and Facts" ya 2018 - kuphatikizapo zachipatala, zachuma, chikhalidwe, ndi maganizo omwe timakhulupirira kuti United States Preventative Gulu la Services Task Force litha kukonzanso malingaliro awo posachedwapa pofuna kuyesa anthu azaka zingapo popanda zizindikiro za AD.
Episodic memory ndiye woyamba ntchito yachidziwitso yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi matenda a Alzheimer's komanso kuzindikira msanga kwa matenda a Alzheimers kumalepheretsedwa ndi kusowa kwa chida chosavuta, chobwerezabwereza, chodalirika, chachifupi, komanso chosangalatsa chomwe chimapereka kutsata kwanthawi yayitali komanso kosavuta kuwongolera. Pakufunika kwambiri zida zowunikira ma episodic memory zomwe zimatsimikizika komanso kupezeka kwambiri kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito kunyumba komanso ku ofesi ya dokotala kuti awone komanso kuzindikira msanga za matenda a dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Ngakhale kupita patsogolo kwachitika pogwiritsa ntchito magazi ndi cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, kuyezetsa majini kwa majini owopsa, komanso kujambula muubongo (kuphatikiza MRI ndi positron-emission tomography) podziwiratu ndi kuzindikira koyambirira kwa Alzheimer's matenda, njira zosazindikira zotere zimangogwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Palibe chizindikiro chenicheni cha biochemical chomwe chikuwonetsa kusintha kulikonse kwaubongo komwe kumakhudzana kwambiri ndi gawo lofunikira la matenda a Alzheimer's, makamaka kusintha ndi kutayika kwa ntchito ya synaptic yokhudzana ndi kusungidwa kwa chidziwitso chatsopano cha episodic memory. Kujambula kwa ubongo zimawonetsa kutayika kwa synapse, komwe kumawoneka ngati kutayika kwa kagayidwe kachakudya kapena kuchepa kwa magazi, kapena kuchepa kwa zolembera za synaptic mwa odwala omwe ali ndi moyo, koma siziwonetsa mokwanira kusokonezeka kwachidziwitso komwe kumadziwika ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. Pamene a APOE genotype imakhudza zaka za AD kuyambira koyambirira, zizindikiro za amyloid biomarkers zimangowonetsa kutengeka kwa dementia, ndipo tau ili ndi ubale wovuta koma wosagwirizana ndi dementia. Njira zonsezi ndizovuta kupeza, zodula, ndipo sizingabwerezedwe mosavuta kapena pafupipafupi. Kukambitsirana mwatsatanetsatane pazifukwa zokhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's ndi ambiri m'mabuku ndipo owerenga achidwi atha kuyang'ana ndemanga zingapo ndi maumboni momwemo.
Pali mitundu itatu ya kuwunika kwachidziwitso zida zowunika matenda a Alzheimer: (1) zida zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi wothandizira zaumoyo; (2) zida zomwe zimadziyendetsa zokha; ndi (3) zida zoperekera lipoti lachidziwitso. Ndemangayi ifotokoza mwachidule zida zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wothandizira zaumoyo zomwe zilipo panopa komanso mawonekedwe a chida chodziwonetsera chokha chomwe chili ndi kuthekera (1) kuzindikira kusintha kwachidziwitso chokhudzana ndi AD zizindikiro zisanayambe ndi (2) kuyesa momwe matenda akuyendera.
ZINTHU ZOYENERA MA AD ZOMWE AMAKONZEDWA NDI WOTHANDIZA ZA UTHENGA
Zotsatirazi ziyenera kuganiziridwa posankha Kuwunika kwa matenda a Alzheimer's chida kapena zida zowonjezera:
- Zolinga ndi makonda a kampeni yowunikira. Mwachitsanzo, pulogalamu yapadziko lonse yowunikira matenda a Alzheimer's, kugwiritsa ntchito chida chosavuta, cholimba, komanso chovomerezeka chingakonde. Kumbali ina, muzochitika zachipatala, kulondola ndi kuthekera kosiyanitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya dementia kungakhale kofunikira kwambiri.
- Kuganizira za mtengo, kuphatikizapo mtengo wa chida ndi maphunziro opereka chithandizo chamankhwala ndi nthawi yoyang'anira.
- Zolinga zothandiza, kuphatikizapo kuvomereza kwa chida kwa mabungwe olamulira, madokotala, odwala; kuwongolera bwino, kugoletsa, ndi kutanthauzira zigoli, kuphatikiza kufunikira kwa chidacho (mwachitsanzo, chikoka cha katswiri / wachipatala yemwe amayesa mayeso onse ndi zigoli); kutalika kwa nthawi yofunikira kumaliza; ndi zofunikira zachilengedwe.
- Zolinga za katundu wa zida, kuphatikizapo: kukhudzidwa ndi msinkhu, kugonana, maphunziro, chinenero, ndi chikhalidwe; psychometric katundu, kuphatikizapo dynamic range; kulondola ndi kulondola; kutsimikizika ndi kudalirika, kuphatikiza kulimba (kuchepetsa zosintha zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chida kuchokera, mwachitsanzo, owunika osiyanasiyana pazotsatira zoyeserera) ndi kulimba (kuchepetsa kusiyanasiyana kwa zotsatira zoyesa zokhudzana ndi malo ndi malo osiyanasiyana); ndi kukhazikika ndi kukhudzidwa. Kulimba komanso kulimba ndizofunikira kwambiri posankha chida chogwiritsira ntchito poyesa kampeni yayikulu yowunika matenda a Alzheimer's.
Chida choyenera choyezera matenda a Alzheimer chingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogonana, zaka, komanso kukhudzidwa kusintha koyambirira kukuwonetsa Alzheimer's matenda pamaso poyera mawonetseredwe a matenda zizindikiro. Kuphatikiza apo, chida choterechi chikuyenera kukhala chosagwirizana ndi chilankhulo, maphunziro, komanso chikhalidwe (kapena chosinthika) ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi ndi zosowa zochepa zotsimikizira zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana. Chida choterocho sichikupezeka pakali pano ngakhale zoyesayesa zayambika mbali iyi ndi chitukuko cha MemTrax Memory test dongosolo, lomwe tidzakambirana mu gawo lotsatira.
Madokotala adayamba kupanga zida zowunikira m'zaka za m'ma 1930 ndipo zida zambiri zidapangidwa zaka zambiri. Ndemanga zabwino kwambiri zasindikizidwa pazida zingapo - kuphatikiza Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Cog, the Kuwonongeka kwa Memory Screen (MIS), ndi Brief Alzheimer Screen (BAS) - yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito powunika ndi kuzindikira msanga matenda a Alzheimer's oyendetsedwa ndi azaumoyo. Chimodzi mwazoyesa zowunikira mosamala kwambiri ndi BAS, yomwe imatenga pafupifupi mphindi zitatu. Chilichonse mwa zida izi chimayesa mwapadera koma nthawi zambiri zimayenderana ndi zidziwitso. Ndizodziwika bwino kuti mayeso aliwonse ali ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso zofunikira zake komanso zida zophatikizira nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kuwunika kokwanira pachipatala. Zindikirani, zida zambirizi zidayamba kupangidwa m'Chingerezi mu chikhalidwe cha Azungu ndipo chifukwa chake zimafunikira kuzolowera zonse ziwiri. Kupatulapo kodziwika kumaphatikizapo Memory ndi Executive Screening (MES), yomwe idapangidwa m'Chitchaina, ndi Memory Ateration Test, yomwe idapangidwa m'Chisipanishi.
Table 1 amalemba zida zovomerezeka zoyenera kuyezetsa matenda a Alzheimer's m'malo osiyanasiyana ndipo adalimbikitsidwa ndi De Roeck et al kutengera kuwunika mwadongosolo kwamaphunziro amagulu. Pazenera la anthu ambiri, MIS ikulimbikitsidwa ngati chida chowunikira chachifupi (<5 mphindi) ndi MoCA ngati chida chowonera nthawi yayitali (> Mphindi 10). Mayesero onsewa adapangidwa m'Chingerezi, ndipo MoCA ili ndi matembenuzidwe ndi matanthauzidwe ambiri kotero kusiyana pakati pa matembenuzidwewo kuyenera kuganiziridwa. M'malo azachipatala, MES ikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera pa MIS ndi MoCA kuti isiyanitse bwino Matenda a Alzheimer's type dementia ndi mtundu wa frontotemporal dementia. Zili choncho ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti zotsatira za mayeso owunika si matenda koma ndi sitepe yoyamba yofunika kuti apezeke bwino ndi kuchiza AD ndi madokotala. Table 1. Zida zowunikira zowunikira za matenda a Alzheimer's (AD) zovomerezedwa ndi De Roeck et al.
| Nthawi (min) | Memory | Language | Mafotokozedwe | Ntchito zotsogola | mchitidwe | Maluso a Visuospatial | chisamaliro | oyenera | Zofunikira za AD | Kumverera kwa AD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MIS | 4 | Y | Chowonekera chotengera kuchuluka kwa anthu | 97% | 86% | ||||||
| Chipatala | 97% | NR | |||||||||
| MoCA | 10-15 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Chowonekera chotengera kuchuluka kwa anthu | 82% | 97% |
| Chipatala | 91% | 93% | |||||||||
| MWEZI | 7 | Y | Y | Chipatala | 99% | 99% |
- AD, matenda a Alzheimer's; MES, Memory and Executive Screening; MIS, Screen Kuwonongeka kwa Memory; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NR, osati lipoti; Y, ntchito yowonetsedwa yoyezedwa.
Ndi kuzindikira kuti Matenda a Alzheimer's amakula mosalekeza kwa nthawi yayitali yomwe imatha kubwerera m'mbuyo kupitirira zaka makumi asanu kuti kuwonetseredwa kwa dementia kusanachitike., chida chomwe chimatha kuyeza mobwerezabwereza kukumbukira zochitika ndi zochitika zina zamaganizo, monga chidwi, kupha, ndi liwiro la kuyankha, motalika komanso mosiyanasiyana (kunyumba motsutsana ndi malo achipatala) padziko lonse lapansi, ndizofunikira kwambiri.
TSOPANO ZINTHU ZOYENERA ZINTHU ZONSE ZOKHALA ZOKHALA ZOKHA
Muyezo wolondola wa Matenda a Alzheimer's kuyambira gawo la preclinical mpaka kupita ku dementia wofatsa ndikofunikira kuti azindikire matenda a Alzheimer's koyambirira., koma chida champhamvu sichinadziwike pachifukwa ichi. Monga matenda a Alzheimer's makamaka ndi matenda a neuroplasticity, chapakati Nkhani imakhala yozindikiritsa chida kapena zida zomwe zitha kufufuza molondola matenda a Alzheimer's kusintha kwapadera m'magawo onse a matenda a Alzheimer's. Ndikofunikiranso kuyeza zosinthazi pogwiritsa ntchito ma metrics padziko lonse lapansi kwa anthu koma apadera kwa munthu pakapita nthawi, kuzindikira kugwirizana pakati pa matenda a Alzheimer's and sequelae of the sequelae of normal ukalamba, ndikuwunika komwe phunziro likupitilira koyambirira. kuchepetsa chidziwitso okhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's poyerekeza ndi ukalamba wabwinobwino. Chida kapena zida zotere zitha kutsimikizira kulembetsa kokwanira, kutsatira malamulo, ndi kusungitsa anthu omwe angapindule ndi chithandizo chamankhwala ndikupangitsa kuti azitha kupanga mankhwala ndi kuwunika momwe amathandizira.
Kuwunika kwamalingaliro angapo ozindikira komanso njira zowunikira kukumbukira zidazindikira kuti ntchito yopitilira kudziwika (CRT) ngati paradigm yokhala ndi maziko oyenera oti apange chidziwitso. matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira chida choyezera. Ma CRT akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'maphunziro amaphunziro kuphunzira episodic memory. Pogwiritsa ntchito makina apakompyuta a CRT pa intaneti, kukumbukira kwa episodic kumatha kuyeza nthawi iliyonse, kangapo patsiku. CRT yotereyi ikhoza kukhala yolondola mokwanira kuyeza kusintha kosawoneka bwino komwe kumakhudzana ndi koyambirira Matenda a Alzheimer's ndikusiyanitsa zosinthazi ku zovuta zina zamanjenje komanso zofala kusintha kwa zaka. Mayeso a MemTrax omwe adapangidwa kuti achite izi ndi imodzi mwa CRT yapaintaneti ndipo yakhala ikupezeka pa World Wide Web kuyambira 2005 (www.memtrax.com). MemTrax ili ndi nkhope yolimba komanso yomanga. Zithunzi zinasankhidwa ngati zolimbikitsa kuti zisonkhezero za chinenero, maphunziro, ndi chikhalidwe zichepe kuti zisinthidwe mosavuta m'mayiko osiyanasiyana padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zatsimikiziridwa kuti ndizochitika ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa Chitchaina ku China (www.memtrax. cn ndi chitukuko cha WeChat mini mtundu wa pulogalamu kuti ugwirizane ndi zizolowezi za ogwiritsa ntchito ku China).
The MemTrax MemTrax Memory Test imapereka 50 stimuli (zithunzi) ku maphunziro omwe amalangizidwa kuti azichita nawo chidwi chilichonse ndikuwona kubwerezabwereza kwa chilimbikitso chilichonse ndi yankho limodzi lopangidwa mwachangu momwe phunziroli lingathere. A Kuyesa kwa MemTrax kumatenga mphindi zosakwana 2.5 ndikuyesa kulondola kwa kukumbukira za zinthu zomwe zaphunziridwa (zomwe zimayimiridwa ngati peresenti zolondola [PCT]) ndi nthawi yozindikiritsa (nthawi yochitapo kanthu ya mayankho olondola [RGT]). Miyezo ya MemTrax PCT imawonetsa zochitika za neurophysiological zomwe zimachitika panthawi ya encoding, kusungirako, ndi kubweza magawo omwe amathandizira kukumbukira kwa episodic. Miyezo ya MemTrax RGT imawonetsa magwiridwe antchito amawonekedwe aubongo ndi maukonde ozindikiritsa zowonera kuti azindikire zovuta zomwe zimabwerezedwa, komanso magwiridwe antchito ndi zidziwitso zina komanso kuthamanga kwagalimoto. Ubongo uli ndi masitepe angapo opangira zidziwitso zowoneka ndikuzisunga mu netiweki yogawidwa ya ma neuron. Kuthamanga kwa kuzindikira kumawonetsa nthawi yochuluka yomwe maukonde aubongo amafunikira kuti agwirizane ndi zolimbikitsa zomwe zaperekedwa posachedwa ndikuyankha. Chosowa chachikulu cha matenda a Alzheimer's oyambirira ndi kulephera kwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa kabisidwe ka maukonde, kotero kuti zambiri zimasungidwa pang'onopang'ono mokwanira kuti zidziwike molondola kapena bwino.
Kuphatikiza apo, MemTrax imawunikanso zoletsa. Nkhaniyi ikulangizidwa kuti iyankhe panthawi yoyesedwa pokhapokha pamene chilimbikitso / chizindikiro mobwerezabwereza chilipo. Kukana koyenera ndi pamene mutu suyankha chithunzi chomwe chawonetsedwa koyamba. Chifukwa chake, mutu uyenera kuletsa chidwi chofuna kuyankha ku chithunzi chatsopano, chomwe chingakhale chovuta kwambiri pambuyo poti zithunzi ziwiri kapena zitatu zotsatizana ziwonetsedwe. Choncho, mayankho abodza ndi chisonyezero cha kuchepa kwa machitidwe olepheretsa a lobes kutsogolo, ndipo chitsanzo choterechi chikuwonekera kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a frontotemporal dementia (Ashford, kuwonetsetsa kwachipatala).
MemTrax tsopano yagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu oposa 200,000 m'mayiko anayi: France (HAPPYneuron, Inc.); United States (Brain Health Registry, mtsogoleri wolembera matenda a Alzheimer ndi maphunziro a MCI, Netherlands (University of Wageningen); ndi China (SJN Biomed LTD). Deta kuyerekeza MemTrax ndi MoCA mwa odwala okalamba ochokera ku Netherlands zikuwonetsa kuti MemTrax imatha kuwunika momwe chidziwitso chimagwirira ntchito kusiyanitsa okalamba abwinobwino ndi anthu ofatsa. kusagwira bwino ntchito kwachidziwitso. Kuphatikiza apo, MemTrax ikuwoneka kuti imasiyanitsa Parkinsonian / Lewy thupi dementia (nthawi yochedwa kuzindikira) kuchokera ku matenda a Alzheimer's type dementia kutengera nthawi yozindikirika, zomwe zitha kuthandizira kulondola kwa matenda. Kafukufuku wofalitsidwa adawonetsanso kuti MemTrax itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti iwonetsere momwe chithandizo chamankhwala chimathandizira. matenda a Alzheimer's odwala matenda.
Maphunziro ena amafunikira kuti adziwe:
- Kulondola kwa MemTrax, makamaka pakusiyanitsa zotsatira zofananira ndi zaka zakuzindikira, kuphatikiza kuphunzira ndi kukumbukira, kuchokera ku kusintha kwautali komwe kumayenderana ndi AD yoyambirira.
- Ubale weniweni wa MemTrax metrics ndi kupitiliza kwa Kukula kwa matenda a Alzheimer's kuchokera ku kufooka kwachidziwitso pang'ono kwambiri mpaka ku dementia wapakatikati. Monga MemTrax ikhoza kubwerezedwa mobwerezabwereza, njirayi ikhoza kupereka chidziwitso choyambirira ndipo ingasonyeze kusintha koyenera kwachipatala pakapita nthawi.
- Kaya MemTrax ikhoza kuyeza kuchepa kwa chidziwitso (SCD). Pakadali pano, palibe zida zowunikira zomwe zitha kuzindikira SCD. Katundu wapadera wa MemTrax amafuna kuti afufuze mozama za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito kuzindikira SCD ndipo kafukufuku wina akupitilira ku China pankhaniyi.
- Kukula kwake Mayeso a MemTrax akhoza kuneneratu zakusintha kwamtsogolo kwa odwala matenda a Alzheimer paokha komanso molumikizana ndi mayeso ena ndi ma biomarkers.
- Zothandiza za MemTrax ndi ma metrics ochokera ku MemTrax miyeso yokha kapena molumikizana ndi mayeso ena ndi ma biomarkers monga Alzheimer's matenda diagnostics mu chipatala.
ZOKHUDZA ZOTHANDIZA
Kuti anthu alandire chithandizo chamankhwala ndi anthu, payenera kukhala kuwunika kwa "mtengo wokwanira" kuti mudziwe phindu la kuyesa kwa matenda a Alzheimer's koyambirira komanso zida zodziwira msanga. Pamene kuyezetsa matenda a Alzheimer kuyenera kuyamba ndi nkhani yofunika yomwe imafuna kuganizira zamtsogolo. Kutsimikiza kumeneku kumatengera nthawi yomwe zizindikiro zisanayambike kuti kuperewera kwachipatala kungadziwike bwanji. Pali maphunziro osonyeza kuti woyamba kusintha kwachidziwitso komwe kumakhudzana ndi kukula kwa dementia zimachitika zaka 10 isanayambike zizindikiro kudwala matenda. Kafukufuku wa Neurofibrillary pa autopsy amafufuza matenda a Alzheimer's mpaka pafupifupi zaka 50 ndipo amatha kupitilira mpaka unyamata. Sizinadziwikebe ngati kusintha koyambirira kumeneku kungasinthidwe kukhala zolembera zodziwika za kusokonezeka kwa chidziwitso. Ndithudi, zida zamakono zilibe mlingo uwu wa chidwi. Ndiye funso ndilakuti ngati tsogolo, lovuta kwambiri, mayeso amatha kuzindikira kusintha koyambirira kwachidziwitso ntchito yokhudzana ndi matenda a Alzheimer's komanso mwachindunji chokwanira. Ndi kulondola kwa MemTrax, makamaka ndi kuyesa kangapo mobwerezabwereza kwa nthawi yayitali, ndizotheka kwa nthawi yoyamba kuyang'anira kukumbukira ndi kusintha kwachidziwitso mwa anthu omwe ali pachiwopsezo pazaka khumi zisanachitike kuwonongeka kwachidziwitso akukula. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, kunenepa kwambiri, kuthamanga kwa magazi, kupsinjika maganizo pambuyo pa zoopsa, kuvulala kwa ubongo) zimasonyeza kuti anthu ena ali kale. kutengera kulephera kukumbukira komanso/kapena kudwala dementia ndi matenda a Alzheimer's m'zaka zawo za makumi anayi kapena kupitirira. Anthu ochuluka awa ku chiopsezo chikuwonetsa kufunikira kodziwikiratu ndikuzindikira zizindikiritso zoyambirira za neurodegeneration ndi matenda a Alzheimer's. ndi zida zoyenera zowonera.
ZIZINDIKIRO
Olembawo amathokoza Melissa Zhou chifukwa chotsutsa kuwerenga nkhaniyo.
MALANGIZO A AUTHOR
XZ idatenga nawo gawo pakuwunikanso ndikulemba zolembazo; A JWA adatenga nawo gawo popereka zomwe zakhudzana ndi MemTrax ndikuwunikanso zolembazo.