ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: Puas yog NEURON PLASTICITY PREDISPOSE rau AXONAL NEUROFIBRILLARY DEGENERATION?
New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 313, phab 388-389, 1985
ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: Puas yog NEURON PLASTICITY PREDISPOSE rau AXONAL NEUROFIBRILLARY DEGENERATION?
Hu rau Editor: Gajdusek hypothesizes tias kev cuam tshuam ntawm neurofilaments yog lub hauv paus rau ntau yam kab mob dementing (Lub Peb Hlis 14 qhov teeb meem). 1 Los piav qhia vim li cas qee cov neurons hauv lub hlwb raug cuam tshuam thiab tsis yog lwm tus, nws qhia tias cov hlwb nrog cov ntoo loj axonal, vim lawv qhov kev xav tau zoo rau kev thauj mus los ntawm axonal, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj kev puas tsuaj rau axoskeletal. Gajduseks's hypothesis yog txaus nyiam tab sis Ua tsis tiav rau qhov kev soj ntsuam uas loj otor neurons raug cuam tshuam tsawg kawg hauv Alzheimer's disease.
Peb pom zoo tias cell plasticity nrog rau qhov loj ntawm tsob ntoo axonal tuaj yeem tsim kev xav tau ntawm kev thauj mus los ntawm axonal. Lub plasticity ntawm neural hlwb tau cuam tshuam nrog ntau yam trophic yam,2 qee qhov kev thauj mus los ntawm axonal. Ib qho piv txwv tseem ceeb yog qhov sprouting pom nyob rau hauv septal norepinephrine terminals,3 xav tias nrog los ntawm qhov loj heev ntawm cov neurofilaments tshiab.
Neurons uas qhia txog qib siab ntawm plasticity tej zaum tsim cov substrate ntawm nco thiab kawm; ob qho tib si muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv Alzheimer's disease. Txoj hauv kev norepinephrine tau cuam tshuam nrog kev kawm txog nqi zog, 4 thiab cov norephinephrine hlwb ntawm locus ceruleus raug rhuav tshem hauv qee kis. Alzheimer's disease.5 Alzheimer degeneration kuj ua rau lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm serotonin hlwb nyob rau hauv lub midbrain raphe, 6 thiab serotonin tau raug npaj ua tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm classic conditioning.7 Acetylcholine pathways projecting los ntawm nucleus basalis ntawm Meynert mus rau lub cortex yuav muaj lub luag hauj lwm. ntawm latchkey nyob rau hauv complex nco khaws cia thiab khaws cia, 8.9 thiab raws li paub zoo, Alzheimer's kab mob cuam tshuam nrog kev poob ntawm cov cell lub cev nrog rau lawv cov enzymes.10 Nyob rau theem cortical Alzheimer-hom deterioration nyiam cuam tshuam rau cov neuron hauv cov cheeb tsam koom nrog, feem ntau strikingly hippocampus thiab amygdala, 11 ob qho tib si ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nco.12 Tsis tas li ntawd, neurofibrillary degeneration tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neurons nrog axons txuas lub hippocampus nrog lub entorhinal cortex.13 Txij li thaum cov neurons los ntawm txhua pab pawg neeg tsim kev sib txuas nrog rau encoding ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, 14 uas yuav tsum tau ib tug high degree ntawm plasticity, lawv deterioration txhawb inference hais tias cov hlwb uas qhia txog plasticity muaj feem rau neurofibrillary cuam tshuam.
Kev cuam tshuam ntawm qeeb axonal-kev thauj mus los mechanism hauv neurons nrog qib siab ntawm plasticity tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nco tsis txaus, cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm dementia tsis hais qhov ua rau. Qhov no axonal-filament dysfunction yuav muab lub hauv paus micropathological rau yav tas los postulated txuas ntawm microtubular diathesis thiab Alzheimer-hom. dementia 15,16 thiab khi ua ke ib pawg ntawm cov kab mob dementing.
J. Wesson Ashford, MD, Ph.D.
Lissy Jarvik, MD, Ph.D.
Lub koom haum Neuropsychiatric UCLA
Los Angeles, CA 90024