Fa'aoga ole MemTrax ma Fa'ata'ita'iga a le Masini ile fa'avasegaina ole fa'aletonu ole mafaufau

Suesuega Mataupu

Tusitala: Bergeron, Michael F. | Landset, Sara | Zhou, Xianbo | Ding, Tao | Khoshgoftaar, Taghi M. | Zhao, Feng | Du, Bo | Chen, Xinjie | Wang, Xuan | Zhong, Lianmei | Liu, Xiaolei| Ashford, J. Wesson

DOI: 10.3233/JAD-191340

Tusitala: Tusitala o Alzheimer's Disease, vol. 77, leai. 4, pp. 1545-1558, 2020

lē faʻatino

talaaga:

O le salalau lautele o mea na tutupu ma le taatele o faamai o le Alzheimer ma le vaivai o le mafaufau (MCI) ua mafua ai se valaau faanatinati mo suʻesuʻega e faʻamaonia ai le vave iloa o suʻesuʻega ma iloiloga.

sini:

O la matou suʻesuʻega autu o le fuafuaina lea pe mafai ona faʻaogaina lelei metotia faʻatinoga o MemTrax ma faʻataʻitaʻiga talafeagai ma faʻamatalaga o le soifua maloloina i faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga e atiaʻe ma aʻoaʻoga masini e faʻavasega ai le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau (masani ma le MCI), e pei ona faʻaalia e le Montreal Su'esu'ega Gafatia (MoCA).

Metotia:

Na matou faia se suʻesuʻega faʻasolosolo i luga o le 259 neurology, falemaʻi manatua, ma vailaʻau i totonu o tagata matutua na faʻafaigaluegaina mai le lua. falemai i Saina. O maʻi taʻitasi na tuʻuina atu i ai le gagana Saina MoCA ma faʻatautaia e le tagata lava ia le faʻaauauina o le faʻaalia o le MemTrax online episodic. suega manatua i luga ole laiga i lea lava aso. O fa'ata'ita'iga fa'avasegaga na fausia e fa'aaoga ai masini a'oa'oga fa'atasi ai ma le 10 fa'ailoga fa'amaufa'ailoga, ma fua fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga e fa'aaoga ai le Vaega i lalo ole Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). O faʻataʻitaʻiga na fausia e faʻaaoga ai metotia faʻatinoga e lua a MemTrax (pasene saʻo, taimi tali), faʻatasi ai ma faʻataʻitaʻiga masani e valu o tagata lautele ma tala faʻasolopito.

Tali:

I le fa'atusatusaina o tagata a'oa'o i tu'ufa'atasiga filifilia o sikoa a le MoCA ma faitoto'a, o Naïve Bayes e masani lava o le tagata a'oa'o sili ona lelei ma le fa'avasegaga atoa o le 0.9093. E le gata i lea, i totonu o le au aʻoaʻoga maualuga e tolu, o le faʻavasegaina o le MemTrax faʻavae i le aotelega na sili atu i le faʻaaogaina o vaega pito i luga e fa (0.9119) pe a faʻatusatusa i le faʻaogaina uma o foliga masani e 10 (0.8999).

Faaiuga:

E mafai ona fa'aoga lelei le fa'atinoga o le MemTrax i se fa'ata'ita'iga fa'avasega fa'avasegaina o masini talosaga su'esu'e mo le su'esu'eina vave o le fa'aletonu o le mafaufau.

FAATOMUAGA

Le amana'ia (e ui ina le iloa) fa'asalalau lautele fa'alavelave ma fa'atuputeleina ma fa'asolosolo fa'atuputeleina fa'afoma'i, agafesootai, ma tagata lautele. soifua maloloina O tau ma avega o le faʻamaʻi o le Alzheimer (AD) ma le faʻaleagaina o le mafaufau (MCI) ua faʻateleina le faʻalavelave mo paaga uma [1, 2]. O lenei faʻalavelave faʻalavelave ma faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi ua mafua ai se valaau faanatinati mo suʻesuʻega e faʻamaonia. vave iloa su'esu'ega o le mafaufau ma meafaigāluega su'esu'ega mo le fa'aaogaina masani i totonu o le tagata lava ia ma falema'i mo tagata matutua i itu eseese ma le faitau aofa'i [3]. E tatau fo'i i nei meafaigāluega ona tu'uina atu mo le fa'aliliuga lelei o fa'amatalaga fa'amatalaga i fa'amaumauga fa'alesoifua maloloina fa'aeletoroni. O faʻamanuiaga o le a maua e ala i le logoina o tagata maʻi ma fesoasoani i fomaʻi i le iloaina o suiga taua i le taimi muamua ma mafai ai ona sili atu le vave ma le taimi faʻatulagaina, faʻatinoga, ma le mataʻituina o togafitiga faʻapitoa ma sili atu le taugofie ma le tausiga o maʻi mo i latou ua amata ona iloa. le mautonu [3, 4].

Le meafaigaluega komepiuta MemTrax (https://memtrax.com) o se suʻesuʻega faʻaalia faifaipea faigofie ma puʻupuʻu e mafai ona faʻatautaia e le tagata lava ia i luga o le initaneti e fuaina ai le faʻataʻitaʻiga taimi faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga e tali atu ai le tagata faʻaoga i ata faifaipea ae le o se faʻaaliga muamua [5, 6]. O suʻesuʻega talu ai nei ma faʻataunuʻuga faʻatinoga o loʻo amata ona faʻasolosolo ma faʻaalia faʻatasi le aoga o le MemTrax ile amataga ole AD ma le MCI suʻesuʻega [5-7]. Ae ui i lea, fa'atusatusa sa'o ole aoga ile falema'i ile taimi nei soifua maloloina malamalama iloiloga ma tulaga masani e fa'amaonia e fa'ailoa ai le va'aiga fa'apolofesa ma fa'amaonia le aoga o le MemTrax ile vave su'esu'eina ma le lagolago fa'ama'i. van der Hoek et al. [8] faʻatusatusa metotia faʻatinoga MemTrax filifilia (saosaoa tali ma pasene saʻo) i le tulaga o le mafaufau e pei ona fuafuaina e le Montreal. Iloiloga o le mafaufau (MoCA). Ae ui i lea, o lenei suʻesuʻega na faʻatapulaʻaina i le faʻafesoʻotaʻi o nei fua faʻatinoga ma le faʻamalamalamaina o le tulaga o le mafaufau (e pei ona fuafuaina e le MoCA) ma le faʻamalamalamaina o vaʻaiga vavalalata ma tau tipi. E tusa ai, ina ia faʻalauteleina lenei suʻesuʻega ma faʻaleleia le faʻavasegaina o faʻatinoga ma le aoga, o la matou fesili suʻesuʻe muamua o le:

• E mafai ona filifilia e se tagata se fua fa'atinoga o galuega a le tagata ma fa'atatauga ma le soifua maloloina tino mai fa'aaoga lelei uiga i se fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'i fa'atupuina ma a'oa'oga masini e fa'avasega ai le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau fa'atasi (masani ma le MCI), e pei ona fa'ailoa mai e le sikoa MoCA a se tasi?

Lona lua i lenei, matou te fia iloa:

• E aofia ai foliga tutusa, e mafai ona faʻaoga lelei se faʻataʻitaʻiga aʻoaʻoga masini MemTrax faʻataʻitaʻiga i se tagata maʻi e vaʻai ai le ogaoga (agamalu ma le ogaoga) i totonu o vaega filifilia o le faaletonu o le mafaufau e pei ona fuafuaina e se suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa tutoʻatasi?

O le o'o mai ma le fa'aleleia o le fa'aogaina o le atamai fa'apitoa ma le a'oa'oina o masini i su'esu'ega/su'esu'ega ua uma ona fa'aalia tulaga lelei fa'atino, fa'atasi ai ma fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga lelei e ta'ita'ia ai foma'i ile su'esu'ega lu'itau ole soifua maloloina ole mafaufau/fai'ai ma le puleaina ole ma'i. I la matou suʻesuʻega, na matou filifilia se auala talitutusa i le MCI faʻavasegaina faʻataʻitaʻiga ma le faʻaleagaina o le mafaufau faʻaleagaina faʻaleagaina e pei ona faʻamaonia e suʻesuʻega faʻamaʻi mai faʻamaumauga e tolu e fai ma sui o tagata volenitia i totonu ma tagata mai fafo mai falemaʻi e lua i Saina. I le fa'aogaina o masini fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga, na matou fa'ailoa ai le au a'oa'o e sili ona lelei le fa'atinoga mai fa'asologa o fa'amaumauga/tagata a'oga ma fa'avasega foliga e ta'ita'ia ai i matou i le fa'amalamalamaina o fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga e sili ona fa'atino.

O matou manatu e faapea o se faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻavae MemTrax faʻamaonia e mafai ona faʻaaogaina e faʻavasega ai le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau faʻapitoa (masani poʻo le MCI) e faʻavae i luga o le MoCA aggregate score threshold criterion, ma o se faʻataʻitaʻiga tutusa MemTrax e mafai ona faʻaaogaina lelei i le faʻavasegaina o le mamafa i vaega filifilia o su'esu'e ile falema'i faaletonu le mafaufau. O le fa'aalia o taunu'uga fa'amoemoe o le a avea ma mea faigaluega i le lagolagoina o le aoga o le MemTrax e avea o se fa'aaliga vave iloa mo le pa'u o le mafaufau ma le fa'avasegaina o le fa'aletonu o le mafaufau. O le fa'atusatusaga lelei i se alamanuia fa'apea tulaga fa'apena e fa'aopoopoina i le faigofie ma le vave o le fa'aoga o le a fa'aaafia i le fesoasoani i foma'i e fa'aaoga lenei meafaigaluega faigofie, fa'atuatuaina, ma fa'aogaina e fai ma ata muamua i le su'esu'eina vave (e aofia ai le prodromal) fa'aletonu o le mafaufau. O sea auala ma le aoga e mafai ona vave fa'apenaina ma sili atu le fa'avasegaina o ma'i ma fa'alavelave. O nei fa'amatalaga fa'atatau i luma ma fa'alelei metric ma fa'ata'ita'iga e mafai fo'i ona fesoasoani i le fa'aitiitia po'o le taofia o le alualu i luma o le tu'inanau, e aofia ai ma AD ma AD-related dementias (ADRD).

MATAGALUEGA MA FUAFUAGA

Suesue le faitau aofaʻi

I le va o Ianuari 2018 ma Aukuso 2019, na maeʻa suʻesuʻega faʻasolosolo i luga o tagata gasegase na faʻafaigaluegaina mai falemaʻi e lua i Saina. O le pulega o le MemTrax [5] i tagata taʻitoʻatasi e 21 tausaga ma luga atu ma le aoina ma auʻiliʻiliga o na faʻamaumauga na toe iloiloina ma faʻamaonia e ma faʻatautaia e tusa ai ma tulaga faʻavae o le tagata Komiti Puipuia Mataupu a le Iunivesite o Stanford. MemTrax ma isi suʻega uma mo lenei suʻesuʻega atoa na faia e tusa ai ma le taʻutinoga a Helsinki o le 1975 ma faʻamaonia e le Komiti Faʻatonu Faʻatonu a le Falemai Faʻatasi Muamua a Kunming Medical University i Kunming, Yunnan, Saina. Na tu'uina atu i tagata ta'ito'atasi se maliega faʻamaonia fomu e faitau/toe iloilo ona malilie malie lea e auai.

O tagata auai na faʻafaigaluegaina mai le vaitaele o tagata gasegase i fafo i le falemaʻi neurology i le Falemai o Yanhua (YH sub-dataset) ma le falema'i manatua i le First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical Iunivesite (XL sub-dataset) i Beijing, Saina. O tagata na auai na faʻafaigaluegaina foi mai le neurology (XL sub-dataset) ma vailaʻau i totonu (KM sub-dataset) i totonu o le falemaʻi i le First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University. Tulaga fa'aaofia e aofia ai le 1) ali'i ma tama'ita'i e le itiiti ifo i le 21 tausaga le matutua, 2) mafai ona tautala fa'aSaina (Mandarin), ma le 3) mafai ona malamalama i fa'atonuga tautala ma tusitusi. O fa'ailoga e le aofia ai o fa'aletonu o le va'ai ma le afi e taofia ai tagata auai mai le fa'amae'aina o le Su'ega MemTrax, faʻapea foʻi ma le le mafai ona malamalama i faʻatonuga o suʻega faʻapitoa.

Faiga Saina o MemTrax

O le initaneti Na fa'aliliu le fa'asologa o su'ega MemTrax i le gagana Saina (URL: https://www.memtrax.com.cn) ma toe fetuutuuna'i ina ia fa'aogaina e ala i le WeChat (Shenzhen Tencent Computer Systems Co. LTD., Shenzhen, Guangdong, Saina) mo le pulea e le tagata lava ia. O faʻamaumauga na teuina i luga o le cloud server (Ali Cloud) o loʻo i Saina ma laiseneina mai Alibaba (Alibaba Technology Co. Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Saina) e SJN Biomed LTD (Kunming, Yunnan, Saina). O faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa i le MemTrax ma faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻamaonia o suʻega na faʻaaogaina iinei na faʻamatalaina muamua [6]. O le suʻega na tuʻuina atu e aunoa ma se totogi i tagata mamaʻi.

Suʻesuʻega suʻesuʻega

Mo ma'i ma'i i fafo, o se pepa lautele pepa fesili mo le aoina o fa'amatalaga fa'atagata ma fa'amatalaga patino e pei o tausaga, itupa, tausaga o a'oga, galuega, nofo toatasi po'o le aiga, ma tala'aga fa'afoma'i sa fa'atautaia e se sui o le au su'esu'e. Ina ua mae'a le su'ega, sa fa'atino su'ega a le MoCA [12] ma le MemTrax (MoCA muamua) e le sili atu i le 20 minute i le va o su'ega. MemTrax pasene sa'o (MTx-% C), o lona uiga o le taimi tali (MTx-RT), ma le aso ma le taimi o le suʻega na faʻamauina i luga o pepa e se sui o le au suʻesuʻe mo tagata taʻitoʻatasi na suʻeina. O le su'esu'ega ua mae'a ma fa'ai'uga o le MoCA na tu'uina atu i totonu o le Excel spreadsheet e le tagata su'esu'e na fa'atautaia su'ega ma fa'amaonia e se paaga a'o le'i fa'asaoina faila Excel mo su'esu'ega.

Su'ega MemTrax

O le MemTrax i luga ole laiga suʻega e aofia ai ata 50 (25 tulaga ese ma 25 toe fai; 5 seti o ata 5 o vaaiga masani poʻo mea faitino) faʻaalia i se faʻatonuga faʻapitoa. E pa'i le tagata auai (i faatonuga) i le faamau Amata i luga o le lau e amata ai le suega ma amata ona matamata i le faasologa o ata ma toe pa'i vave i le ata i luga o le lau i soo se taimi e aliali mai ai se ata fai soo. O ata taitasi e aliali mai mo le 3 s pe seia oo ina pa'i le ata i luga o le lau, lea na faaosofia ai le faʻaalia vave o le isi ata. I le faʻaaogaina o le uati i totonu o le masini faʻapitonuʻu, MTx-RT mo ata taʻitasi na fuafuaina e ala i le taimi ua mavae mai le tuʻuina atu o le ata i le taimi na paʻi ai le lau e le tagata auai i le tali atu i le faʻaalia o le faʻaalia o le ata o se tasi ua uma ona faʻaalia. i le taimi o le suʻega. MTx-RT na fa'amauina mo ata uma, fa'atasi ai ma le 3 s atoa na fa'amauina e ta'u mai ai leai se tali. MTx-% C na fa'atatau e fa'ailoa ai le pasene o ata toe fai ma ata muamua na tali sa'o ai le tagata fa'aoga (moni lelei + leaga moni vaelua i le 50). Fa'amatalaga fa'aopoopo o le pulega ma le fa'atinoina o le MemTrax, fa'aitiitiga fa'amaumauga, fa'aletonu pe "leai se tali" fa'amaumauga, ma fa'amatalaga fa'amaumauga autu o lo'o fa'amatalaina i se isi mea [6].

O le suʻega MemTrax na faʻamatalaina auiliili ma o se suʻega faʻataʻitaʻiga (faʻatasi ai ma ata tulaga ese nai lo na faʻaaogaina i le suʻega mo le faʻamauina o taunuʻuga) na tuʻuina atu i tagata auai i le falemaʻi. O tagata auai i le YH ma le KM sub-datasets na latou suʻeina le MemTrax suʻega i luga o se telefoni na faʻapipiʻiina i le talosaga i WeChat; ae o se numera faatapulaa o le XL sub-dataset maʻi na faʻaaogaina se iPad ae o isi na faʻaaogaina se telefoni. O tagata uma na auai na suʻe le suʻega MemTrax faʻatasi ai ma se tagata suʻesuʻe suʻesuʻe o loʻo matauina ma le le iloa.

Montreal su'esu'ega mafaufau

O le Beijing version o le Chinese MoCA (MoCA-BC) [13] na fa'atautaia ma togi e tagata su'esu'e a'oa'oina e tusa ai ma fa'atonuga o su'ega. E fetaui lelei, o le MoCA-BC ua faʻaalia e faʻatuatuaina suega mo le mafaufau suʻesuʻega i tulaga uma o aʻoaʻoga i tagata matutua matutua Saina [14]. E tusa ma le 10 i le 30 minute e fa'atino ai su'ega ta'itasi e fa'atatau i tomai fa'apitoa o le tagata na auai.

MoCA fa'avasegaina fa'atusa

Sa i ai le aofaʻi o 29 faʻaoga faʻaoga, e aofia ai le lua MemTrax fua fa'atinoga o su'ega ma 27 vaega e feso'ota'i ma le faitau aofa'i ma le soifua maloloina faamatalaga mo tagata auai taitasi. Sa fa'aogaina togi fa'atasi o su'ega a le tagata ma'i ta'itasi e fai ma su'esu'ega o le mafaufau "faʻailoga" e toleni ai a tatou faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga. E tusa ai, talu ai sa fa'aogaina le MoCA e fai ai le igoa o le vasega, e le mafai ona matou fa'aogaina le sikoa fa'atasi (po'o so'o se sikoa vaega o le MoCA) e fai ma vaega tuto'atasi. Na matou faia muamua suʻesuʻega lea na matou faʻataʻitaʻia ai (faʻavasegaina o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau ua faʻamatalaina e le MoCA) le tolu falemaʻi / falemaʻi (s) sub-datasets taʻitasi ona tuʻufaʻatasia lea e faʻaaoga uma foliga. Ae ui i lea, o elemene faʻamaumauga tutusa uma e leʻi aoina i totonu o falemaʻi taʻitasi e fa e fai ma sui o faʻamaumauga laiti e tolu; o le mea lea, o le tele o tatou foliga i totonu o faʻamaumauga tuʻufaʻatasia (pe a faʻaaogaina vaega uma) sa i ai se maualuga maualuga o le misi. Ona matou fausia lea o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻatasi ai ma faʻamaumauga tuʻufaʻatasia e faʻaaoga ai naʻo foliga masani na mafua ai le faʻaleleia o le faʻavasegaina. E foliga mai na faʻamatalaina lenei mea e ala i le tuʻufaʻatasia o le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga e galulue ai e ala i le tuʻufaʻatasia o faʻamaumauga e tolu maʻi ma e leai ni faʻaaliga e iai se faʻalavelave le talafeagai o tau o loʻo misi (naʻo le tasi le vaega i le tuʻufaʻatasia o faʻamaumauga, ituaiga galuega, o loʻo i ai ni tau o loʻo misi, afaina ai. na'o le tolu ma'i fa'ata'ita'iga), ona na'o mea masani na fa'amauina i nofoaga uma e tolu na aofia ai. Fa'ailogaina, e le'i i ai sa matou fa'ailoga fa'ate'aina fa'apitoa mo vaega ta'itasi e le'i fa'aaofia i totonu o fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasi. Ae ui i lea, i la matou faʻataʻitaʻiga tuʻufaʻatasia tuʻufaʻatasia, matou te faʻaaogaina muamua vaega uma mai vaega taʻitasi o maʻi eseese e tolu. O lea tulaga lautele na i'u ai i fa'ata'ita'iga fa'atinoga e fa'atatau i lalo ifo nai lo le ulua'i fa'ata'ita'iga i fa'amaumauga ta'itasi ta'itasi. E le gata i lea, e ui o le faʻavasegaina o faʻatinoga o faʻataʻitaʻiga na fausia i le faʻaogaina o foliga uma na faʻamalosia, i luga o tagata aʻoaʻo uma ma faʻavasegaina polokalame, faʻaleleia le faʻatinoga mo le faaluaina o le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga pe a faʻaaogaina naʻo foliga masani. O le mea moni, faatasi ai ma mea na iu ina avea ma a matou tagata aʻoaʻoga maualuga, na faʻaleleia uma se faʻataʻitaʻiga i le faʻaumatiaina o mea e le masani ai.

O le fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasi mulimuli (YH, XL, ma le KM tu'ufa'atasia) e aofia ai 259 fa'ata'ita'iga, e fai ma sui ta'ito'atasi se tagata auai tulaga ese na su'eina uma le MemTrax ma le MoCA su'ega. Sa i ai 10 fa'asoa tuto'atasi vaega: MemTrax fa'atinoga metrics: MTx-% C ma lona uiga MTx-RT; fa'amatalaga o tala fa'asolopito ma tala'aga fa'afoma'i: tausaga, itupa, tausaga o a'oa'oga, ituaiga galuega (kola lanumoana/kola pa'epa'e), lagolago fa'aagafesootai (pe nofo to'atasi le tagata su'ega pe fa'atasi ma lona aiga), ma tali ioe/leai pe na maua e le tagata fa'aoga se tala'aga o le ma'i suka, hyperlipidemia, po'o manu'a o le fai'ai. E lua metric fa'aopoopo, MoCA aggregate score ma MoCA aggregate score na fetu'una'i mo tausaga o a'oa'oga [12], sa fa'aogaina fa'apitoa e atia'e ai fa'ailoga fa'avasega fa'alagolago, ma fa'atupu ai ni fa'ata'ita'iga ma'oti se lua e fa'aoga i a tatou fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasi. Mo faʻasalalauga taʻitasi (fetuunaʻi ma le le faʻasalaina) o le sikoa a le MoCA, o faʻamaumauga na toe faʻataʻitaʻia eseʻese mo le faʻavasegaina o binary e faʻaaoga ai ni faʻailoga eseese se lua-o le mea muamua na fautuaina [12] ma se isi tau faʻaaogaina ma faʻalauiloaina e isi [8, 15]. I le isi fa'avasegaga o le fa'avasegaga, na manatu se tagata ma'i e maua le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau pe a maua ≥23 i le su'ega a le MoCA ma maua le MCI pe a 22 pe maualalo le togi; ae, i le faʻavasegaina faʻavasegaina muamua, e tatau i le tagata maʻi ona togi se 26 pe sili atu i luga o le MoCA ina ia faʻailogaina o loʻo iai le soifua maloloina masani.

Fa'amaumauga fa'avasega mo fa'ata'ita'iga fa'avasegaina o le MoCA

Na matou toe su'esu'eina le fa'avasegaga o le MoCA e fa'aaoga ai faiga fa'avasega fa'apitoa e fa: Chi-Squared, Gain Ratio, Fa'amatalaga Gain, ma le Fa'ailoga Fa'atusa. Mo le va'aiga le tumau, na matou fa'aogaina fa'ailoga i le fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasi atoa e fa'aaoga ai a matou fa'ata'ita'iga fa'atusa. Na malilie uma tagata fa'apitoa i foliga tutusa pito i luga, ie, tausaga, numera o tausaga o a'oa'oga, ma fua fa'atinoga uma o le MemTrax (MTx-% C, o lona uiga MTx-RT). Ona matou toe fausia lea o faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai metotia filifilia taʻitasi e aʻoaʻoina ai faʻataʻitaʻiga i luga ole fa pito i luga (vaai Filifiliga o tagata lalo).

Ole fa'ai'uga fa'ai'uga e valu o suiga ole fa'avasegaga fa'avasegaina o sikoa a le MoCA o lo'o tu'uina atu ile Siata 1.

Laulau 1

Aotelega o fesuiaiga o polokalame fa'ata'ita'iga na fa'aogaina mo le fa'avasegaina o le MoCA (Masa Soifua Maloloina ma le MCI)

Fa'ata'ita'iga Fa'ata'ita'iga	Soifua Maloloina masani (Vaega Leaga)	MCI (Vaega Lelei)
Fetuuna'i-23 Le'i fa'amama/fa'a	101 (39.0%)	158 (61.0%)
Fetuuna'i-26 Le'i fa'amama/fa'a	49 (18.9%)	210 (81.1%)
Le'i fetu'una'i-23 Le'i fa'amama/fa'a	92 (35.5%)	167 (64.5%)
Le'i fetu'una'i-26 Le'i fa'amama/fa'a	42 (16.2%)	217 (83.8%)

Ole numera ma le pasene o le aofaʻi o tagata mamaʻi i vasega taʻitasi e faʻavasegaina e ala i le fetuutuunai o togi mo aʻoaʻoga (Fesuiaʻi poʻo le Faʻasalaina) ma le faʻavasegaina faʻavae (23 poʻo le 26), e pei ona faʻaogaina i vaega uma e lua (Unfiltered and Filtered).

Fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga a le falema'i e fa'atatau i le MemTrax

Mai a matou ulua'i fa'amaumauga laiti e tolu (YH, XL, KM), na'o le XL sub-dataset ma'i na maua fa'apitoa i le falema'i mo le fa'aletonu o le mafaufau (fa'atusa, e le'i fa'aogaina a latou togi o le MoCA i le fa'atulagaina o se fa'avasegaga masani ma fa'aletonu). Aemaise lava, o maʻi XL na maua i se tasi Su'ega fa'ama'i o le Alzheimer (AD) po'o le tu'ina o le toto (VaD). I totonu o nei vaega muamua o suʻesuʻega, sa i ai se isi faʻailoga mo MCI. O suʻesuʻega o le MCI, faʻalavelave faʻalavelave, faʻamaʻi pipisi o le neurocognitive, ma le maʻi o le neurocognitive ona o le AD na faʻavae i luga o faʻamaumauga faʻapitoa ma faʻapitoa faʻamaonia o loʻo faʻamatalaina i totonu o le Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5 [16]. Mafaufau i nei suʻesuʻega faʻamaonia, e lua faʻavasegaga faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga na faʻaogaina eseese i le XL sub-dataset e iloagofie ai le maualuga o le mamafa (tikeri o le faʻaleagaina) mo vaega taʻitasi o suʻesuʻega muamua. O faʻamatalaga na faʻaaogaina i totonu o nei faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga (AD ma VaD) e aofia ai faʻamatalaga faʻamatalaga o tagata maʻi, faʻapea foʻi ma le faʻatinoga o MemTrax (MTx-% C, o lona uiga MTx-RT). O su'esu'ega ta'itasi sa fa'ailoga malu pe a fa'ailoga MCI; a lē o lea, sa manatu mamafa. Na matou mafaufau muamua e aofia ai le sikoa o le MoCA i faʻataʻitaʻiga o suʻesuʻega (agalelei ma ogaoga); ae na matou filifili e fa'ato'ilaloina le fa'amoemoega o la matou fa'ata'ita'iga fa'atusa lona lua. O iinei o le a aʻoaʻoina ai tagata aʻoga e faʻaaoga isi uiga faʻamaʻi e faigofie ona avanoa i le kamupani ma fua faʻatinoga o le suʻega MemTrax faigofie (e sui ai le MoCA) faʻasaga i le faʻamatalaga "tulaga auro", o le suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa tutoʻatasi. Sa i ai 69 faʻataʻitaʻiga i faʻamaumauga o suʻesuʻega AD ma 76 faʻataʻitaʻiga o le VaD (Table 2). I fa'amaumauga uma e lua, e 12 vaega tuto'atasi. I le faaopoopo atu i le 10 vaega o loʻo aofia i le faʻavasegaina o sikoa MoCA, o talaʻaga o maʻi na aofia ai faʻamatalaga i le talaʻaga o le toto maualuga ma le stroke.

Laulau 2

Aotelega o fesuiaiga o polokalame fa'ata'ita'iga na fa'aogaina mo le fa'avasegaina o fa'ama'i (Mild versus Severe)

Fa'ata'ita'iga Fa'ata'ita'iga	agamalu (Visi Leaga)	Matautia (Vaega Lelei)
MCI-AD versus AD	12 (17.4%)	57 (82.6%)
MCI-VaD ma le VaD	38 (50.0%)	38 (50.0%)

Ole numera ma le pasene ole aofa'i o tagata mama'i ile vasega ta'itasi e fa'avasegaina ile vaega ole su'esu'ega muamua (AD po'o le VaD).

sitatisika

Faatusatusaga o uiga o tagata auai ma isi numera numera i le va o sub-datasets mo taʻiala faʻavasega faʻataʻitaʻiga taʻitasi (e vaʻai ai le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau o le MoCA ma le ogaoga o suʻesuʻega) na faia i le faʻaogaina o le Python programming language (version 2.7.1) [17]. O le eseesega o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga na muai fuafuaina e faʻaaoga ai se tasi pe lua-factor (pe a talafeagai) ANOVA faʻatasi ai ma le 95% faʻamaonia le va ma le Tukey faʻamaoni taua (HSD) suʻega e faʻatusatusa ai le faʻatinoga. O lenei suʻesuʻega o eseesega i le va o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga na faia i le faʻaaogaina o le Python ma le R (version 3.5.1) [18]. Na matou fa'aogaina lenei (e ui lava, e le taumateina e itiiti ifo nai lo le sili ona lelei) na'o se fesoasoani fa'aleagaga i lenei mea tulaga amata mo ulua'i fa'ata'ita'iga fa'atusatusaga fa'atinoga i le fa'amoemoeina o le fa'aogaina ole falema'i. Ona matou faʻaaogaina lea o le suʻega saini a Bayesian e faʻaaoga ai se tufatufa pito i tua e fuafua ai le avanoa o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga eseesega [19]. Mo nei suʻesuʻega, matou te faʻaogaina le vaeluaga -0.01, 0.01, e faʻaalia ai afai e lua vaega o loʻo i ai se eseesega o faʻatinoga e laʻititi ifo i le 0.01, e tutusa lava (i totonu o le itulagi o le faʻatusatusaga tutusa), pe ese foi (e sili atu le tasi nai lo le tasi). le isi). Ina ia faia le faʻatusatusaga Bayesian o faʻavasegaina ma fuafua nei mea e ono tutupu, na matou faʻaaogaina le faletusi baycomp (version 1.0.2) mo Python 3.6.4.

Faʻataʻitaʻiga vavalo

Na matou fausia faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai le sefulu aofaʻi o fesuiaiga o a matou faʻataʻitaʻiga polokalame e vaʻai (faʻavasegaina) le taunuʻuga o suʻega a le MoCA a maʻi taʻitasi poʻo le mamafa o suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa. Na faʻaaogaina tagata aʻoga uma ma faʻataʻitaʻiina faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai le faʻaogaina o polokalama faakomepiuta Weka [20]. Mo a matou suʻesuʻega muamua, matou te faʻaaogaina 10 faʻaoga masani algorithms: 5-Nearest Neighbors, lua ituaiga o C4.5 decision tree, Logistic Regression, Multilayer Perceptron, Naïve Bayes, lua lomiga o Random Forest, Radial Basis Function Network, ma Support Vector Masini. O uiga autu ma eseesega o nei algorithms ua faʻamatalaina i se isi mea [21] (silasila i le Faʻaopoopoga taʻitasi). Na filifilia nei mea ona o lo'o fa'atusalia ai ituaiga eseese o tagata a'oga ma ona ua fa'aalia le manuia i le fa'aaogaina i su'esu'ega muamua i fa'amaumauga tutusa. O faʻatulagaga Hyper-parameter na filifilia mai a matou suʻesuʻega talu ai e faʻaalia ai e malosi i luga o faʻamatalaga eseese [22]. E tusa ai ma fa'ai'uga o la matou su'esu'ega muamua e fa'aaoga ai fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasi tutusa ma foliga masani na fa'aaoga mulimuli ane i le au'ili'iliga atoa, na matou iloa ai ni tagata a'oa'o se to'atolu na tu'uina atu le fa'atinoga malosi i vaega uma: Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, ma Support Vector Machine.

Fa'amaufa'ailoga ma fa'ata'ita'iga fua fa'atinoga

Mo faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga uma (e aofia ai suʻesuʻega muamua), na fausia faʻataʻitaʻiga taʻitasi e faʻaaoga ai le 10-fold cross validation, ma sa fuaina le faʻatinoga o faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai le Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC). Na amata le fa'amaoniga fa'asaga i le vaevae fa'afuase'i o fa'amaumauga fa'ata'ita'iga e 10 i vaega tutusa e 10 (gaugau), e fa'aaoga ai le iva o nei vaega ta'itasi e toleni ai le fa'ata'ita'iga ma le vaega o totoe mo su'ega. O lenei faiga na toe faia 10 taimi, faʻaaoga se vaega ese e pei o le suʻega seti i faʻasologa taʻitasi. Ona tu'ufa'atasia lea o fa'ai'uga e fa'atatau le taunu'uga o le fa'ata'ita'iga mulimuli/fa'atinoga. Mo ta'itasi a'oa'o/fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasiga, o lenei fa'agasologa atoa sa toe fa'a 10 taimi fa'atasi ai ma fa'amaumauga e vaelua eseese i taimi ta'itasi. O lenei la'asaga mulimuli na fa'aitiitia ai le fa'aituau, fa'amautinoa le toe fa'afoliga, ma fesoasoani i le fa'amautuina o le fa'atinoga atoa o fa'ata'ita'iga. I le aofaʻi (mo le MoCA score ma faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi faʻavasegaina faʻavasegaina tuʻufaʻatasia), 6,600 faʻataʻitaʻiga na fausia. E aofia ai le 1,800 fa'ata'ita'iga e le'i fa'avasegaina (6 fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga e fa'aoga i le dataset×3 tagata a'oa'o ×10 tamo'e×10 gaugau = 1,800 fa'ata'ita'iga) ma 4,800 fa'ata'ita'iga fa'amama (4 fa'ata'ita'iga fa'aoga e fa'aoga i le dataset×3 tagata a'oa'o ×4 fa'ailoga auala filifilia ×10 ta'avale × 10 gaugau = 4,800 ata).

Filifiliga o tagata

Mo fa'ata'ita'iga ua fa'amamāina, sa fa'atinoina le filifiliga o fa'ailoga (fa'aogaina o metotia fa'avasegaga e fa) i totonu o le fa'amaoniga fa'asaga. Mo gaugau ta'itasi 10, ona o le 10% ese'ese o fa'amaumauga o fa'amaumauga o su'ega, na'o vaega pito i luga e fa na filifilia mo fa'amaumauga a'oa'oga ta'itasi (fa'ata'ita'iga, o le isi iva gaugau, po'o le 90% o totoe o le fa'amaumauga atoa) na fa'aaogaina. e fausia ai faʻataʻitaʻiga. Sa le mafai ona matou fa'amaonia po'o fea vaega e fa na fa'aogaina i fa'ata'ita'iga ta'itasi, ona o na fa'amatalaga e le o teuina pe fa'aavanoaina i totonu o le fa'ata'ita'iga na matou fa'aogaina (Weka). Ae ui i lea, ona o le tutusa i la tatou filifiliga muamua o foliga pito i luga pe a faʻaogaina le faʻatulagaina i le faʻamaumauga tuʻufaʻatasia atoa ma le tutusa mulimuli ane i faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga, o nei lava foliga (tausaga, tausaga o aʻoga, MTx-% C, ma lona uiga MTx-RT. ) e foliga mai o le fa pito i luga e sili ona taatele o loʻo faʻaogaina faʻatasi ma le filifiliga o foliga i totonu o le faʻagasologa o le faʻamaonia.

TULAFONO

O uiga numera o tagata auai (e aofia ai sikoa MoCA ma MemTrax faʻatinoga metrics) o faʻamaumauga taʻitasi mo taʻiala faʻavasega faʻataʻitaʻiga taʻitasi e vaʻai ai le MoCA-faʻaalia le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau (masani ma MCI) ma faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi (agamalu ma ogaoga) o loʻo faʻaalia i le Laulau 3.

Laulau 3

Uiga o tagata auai, togi MoCA, ma le MemTrax faʻatinoga mo taʻiala taʻitasi faʻavasega faʻataʻitaʻiga

Fa'avasegaga ta'iala	tausaga	A'oa'oga	MoCA Fetuunai	MoCA Le'i fetuunai	MTx-% C	MTx-RT
MoCA Vaega	61.9 y (13.1)	9.6 y (4.6)	19.2 (6.5)	18.4 (6.7)	74.8% (15.0)	1.4s (0.3)
Su'esu'ega Fa'aletonu	65.6 y (12.1)	8.6 y (4.4)	16.7 (6.2)	15.8 (6.3)	68.3% (13.8)	1.5s (0.3)

O tau o loʻo faʻaalia (o lona uiga, SD) faʻavasegaina e ala i faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻavasegaina taʻiala e fai ma sui o faʻamaumauga tuʻufaʻatasia o loʻo faʻaaogaina e vaʻai ai le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau (MCI versus masani) ma le XL sub-dataset naʻo le faʻaaogaina e vaʻai ai le ogaoga o suʻesuʻega (agamalu ma ogaoga).

Mo tu'ufa'atasiga ta'itasi o sikoa MoCA (fetuuna'i/le'o fa'asalaina) ma le fa'ailoga (26/23), sa i ai se eseesega fa'afuainumera (p = 0.000) i faʻatusatusaga taʻitasi taʻitoʻalua (soifua maloloina masani ma le MCI) mo tausaga, aʻoga, ma le MemTrax faʻatinoga (MTx-% C ma MTx-RT). O sub-dataset maʻi taʻitasi i vasega MCI taʻitasi mo tuʻufaʻatasiga taʻitasi e tusa ma le 9 i le 15 tausaga le matutua, lipotia pe a ma le lima tausaga le itiiti ifo o aʻoaʻoga, ma e itiiti ifo le lelei o le MemTrax faʻatinoga mo metotia uma e lua.

Fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ai'uga o fa'atinoga mo le fa'avasegaina o sikoa a le MoCA e fa'aaoga ai le au a'oa'o e tolu pito i luga, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, ma le Lagolago Vector Machine, o lo'o fa'aalia i le Laulau 4. O nei mea e tolu na filifilia e fa'atatau i le fa'atinoina o le a'oa'oga maualuga maualuga i fa'ata'ita'iga eseese uma. fa'aoga i fa'amaumauga mo fa'ata'ita'iga uma. Mo faʻamaumauga e leʻi faʻavasegaina ma faʻataʻitaʻiga, o faʻamaumauga taʻitasi i le Laulau 4 o loʻo faʻaalia ai le faʻatinoga o faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻavae i luga o le AUC faʻatatau e maua mai i faʻataʻitaʻiga 100 (10 runs × 10 folds) fausia mo taʻitasi aʻoaʻoga / faʻataʻitaʻiga polokalame tuʻufaʻatasia, ma le maualuga maualuga. fa'atino a'oa'o fa'ailoa mata'utia. A'o mo le fa'ata'ita'iga fa'avasegaina o fa'amaumauga, o fa'ai'uga o lo'o lipotia i le Laulau 4 o lo'o atagia mai ai le aofa'iga o fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga mai fa'ata'ita'iga e 400 mo tagata a'oga ta'ito'atasi e fa'aogaina auala ta'itasi fa'avasega (4 fa'avasegaga metotia ×10 ta'avale ×10 gauga).

Laulau 4

Dichotomous MoCA fa'avasegaina fa'atinoga (AUC; 0.0–1.0) fa'ai'uga mo tamaiti ta'ito'atasi e to'atolu sili ona lelei le fa'atinoga mo polokalame fa'ata'ita'iga ta'itasi.

Fa'aoga Seti Fa'aaoga	Sikoa MoCA	Avanoa tipi	Polokalame o le Lisi o Igoa	Naive Bayes	Lagolago Vector Machine
E le'i fa'asalaina (10 vaega)	Toe faaleleia	23	0.8862	0.8913	0.8695
		26	0.8971	0.9221	0.9161
	Le fetaui	23	0.9103	0.9085	0.8995
		26	0.8834	0.9153	0.8994
Filifilia (4 vaega)	Toe faaleleia	23	0.8929	0.8954	0.8948
		26	0.9188	0.9247	0.9201
	Le fetaui	23	0.9135	0.9134	0.9122
		26	0.9159	0.9236	0.9177

O le fa'aogaina o fesuiaiga o vaega fa'atusa, MoCA sikoa, ma le MoCA sikoa tipi tipi, o le fa'atinoga aupito maualuga mo fa'ata'ita'iga ta'itasi o lo'o fa'aalia i totonu. toa (e le'o fa'afuainumera ese'ese nai lo isi uma e le'o i totonu toa mo le faʻataʻitaʻiga taʻitasi).

O le fa'atusatusaina o tagata a'oa'o i tu'ufa'atasiga uma o sikoa sikoa a le MoCA ma faitoto'a (fetu'una'i/le'i fetu'una'i ma le 23/26, fa'asologa) i fa'amaumauga tu'ufa'atasi e le'i fa'avasegaina (fa'atusa, fa'aaoga uiga masani e 10), o Naïve Bayes e masani lava o le tagata a'oa'o sili ona lelei ma lona aotelega. fa'avasegaga fa'atinoga o le 0.9093. Mafaufau i le au a'oa'o e to'atolu pito i luga, o su'ega fa'ailoga saini a le Bayesian na fa'ailoa mai ai o le avanoa (Pr) o Naïve Bayes e sili atu i le Logistic Regression e 99.9%. E le gata i lea, i le va o Naïve Bayes ma le Support Vector Machine, e 21.0% le avanoa e tutusa lelei ai le fa'atinoga o tagata a'oa'o (o lona uiga, e 79.0% le avanoa o le Naïve Bayes e sili atu nai lo le Support Vector Machine), fa'atasi ma le 0.0% le avanoa o le Support Vector Machine e sili atu le lelei, fuaina. fa'amalosia le fa'atinoga lelei mo Naïve Bayes. O le isi fa'atusatusaga o sikoa a le MoCA i tagata a'oa'o uma/tulaga na fa'ailoa mai ai se la'ititi la'ititi o le fa'atinoga e fa'aaoga ai sikoa a le MoCA e le'i fetu'una'i fa'asaga i le fetu'una'iga (0.9027 ma le 0.8971; Pr (le fetuutuunai > fetuutuunai) = 0.988). E fa'apena fo'i, o se fa'atusatusaga o le fa'ailoga tipi i tagata a'oa'o uma ma fa'asologa o sikoa a le MoCA na fa'aalia ai se fa'avasegaga la'ititi o le fa'atinoga o le fa'aogaina o le 26 e fai ma fa'avasegaga fa'asaga i le 23 (0.9056 fa'asaga i le 0.8942, fa'asologa; Pr (26 > 23) = 0.999). Mulimuli, su'esu'eina le fa'avasegaga o fa'atinoga mo fa'ata'ita'iga e fa'aogaina ai na'o fa'ai'uga fa'amama (fa'ata'ita'iga, na'o fa'ailoga pito i luga), Naïve Bayes (0.9143) sa fa'afuainumera le tagata a'oa'o sili ona maualuga i sikoa sikoa uma a le MoCA. Ae ui i lea, i le tu'ufa'atasia o metotia fa'avasegaga uma, sa fa'apena fo'i le fa'atinoga o a'oa'oga maualuluga uma. O su'ega saini a le Bayesian na fa'aalia ai le 100% le avanoa o le tutusa fa'atinoga i le va o paga ta'itasi o tagata a'oa'o fa'amama. E pei o faʻamaumauga e leʻi faʻavasegaina (faʻaaogaina uma 10 foliga masani), na toe i ai se avanoa faʻatinoga mo le faʻaogaina o le sikoa MoCA (Pr (le fetuutuunai > fetuutuunai) = 1.000), faʻapea foʻi ma se tulaga faʻapitoa faʻapitoa mo le faʻavasegaina o le 26 (Pr (26 > 23) = 1.000). Fa'amauina, o le averesi o fa'atinoga a tagata a'oa'o ta'ito'atasi e to'atolu pito i luga i fa'ailoga uma a le MoCA e fa'aaoga ai na'o vaega pito i luga e fa na sili atu nai lo le fa'atinoga masani a so'o se tagata a'oa'o i fa'amaumauga e le'i su'eina. E le o se mea e ofo ai, o le faʻavasegaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga (faʻaaogaina o faʻailoga pito i luga e fa) i le aotelega na sili atu (0.9119) nai lo faʻataʻitaʻiga e leʻi faʻavasegaina (0.8999), e tusa lava po o le a le faʻavasegaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga metotia faʻataʻitaʻiga na faʻatusatusa i na faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻaaoga uma 10 masani. foliga. Mo auala ta'itasi e filifili ai, e 100% le avanoa e sili atu ai le fa'atinoga nai lo fa'ata'ita'iga e le'i fa'avasegaina.

Faatasi ai ma tagata gasegase e mafaufauina mo le faʻavasegaina o faʻamaʻi o le AD, vaʻaiga-vaega (MCI-AD versus AD) eseesega mo tausaga (p = 0.004), a'oga (p = 0.028), sikoa MoCA fetuutuunai/le fetuutuunai (p = 0.000), ma le MTx-% C (p = 0.008) sa taua tele; ae mo MTx-RT e leai (p = 0.097). Faatasi ai ma na gasegase na iloiloina mo le VaD faʻavasegaina o le mamafa o le faʻavasegaina, vaʻaiga-vaega (MCI-VaD versus VaD) eseesega mo MoCA sikoa fetuutuunai / le fetuutuunai (p = 0.007) ma MTx-% C (p = 0.026) ma le MTx-RT (p = 0.001) sa taua tele; ae mo tausaga (p = 0.511) ma a'oa'oga (p = 0.157) e leai ni eseesega taua i le va o vaega.

Fuafuaga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ai'uga mo le fa'avasegaina o fa'ama'i e fa'aaoga ai tamaiti a'oga e to'atolu na filifilia muamua, Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, ma le Support Vector Machine, o lo'o fa'aalia i le Laulau 5. , o le au a'oa'o e to'atolu na matou fa'ailoaina e sili ona lelei i la matou fa'ata'ita'iga talu ai na ofoina atu le fa'atinoga sili ona fa'aauau i polokalame fa'atusa fou e lua. I le fa'atusatusaina o tagata a'oa'o i vaega ta'itasi o su'esu'ega muamua (AD ma le VaD), e leai se fa'avasegaga faifaipea o le eseesega o fa'atinoga i le va o tagata a'oa'o mo le MCI-VaD ma le VaD, e ui o le Lagolago Vector Machine e masani lava ona fa'atinoina. I se tulaga talitutusa, e leai se eseesega tele i le va o tagata aʻoga mo le MCI-AD ma le faʻavasegaina o le AD, e ui o Naïve Bayes (NB) sa i ai sina faʻaoga laʻititi i luga o le Logistic Regression (LR) ma naʻo se faʻatauvaʻa tele i luga o le Support Vector Machine, ma avanoa e 61.4% ma le 41.7% i le faasologa. I luga o faʻamaumauga uma e lua, o loʻo i ai se faʻamanuiaga lautele mo le Lagolago Vector Machine (SVM), ma Pr (SVM> LR) = 0.819 ma Pr (SVM > NB) = 0.934. O la matou fa'avasegaga atoa o fa'atinoga i tagata a'oga uma i le va'aiina o le ogaoga o su'esu'ega i le XL sub-dataset sa sili atu i le vaD su'esu'ega vaega fa'asaga i le AD (Pr (VAD > AD) = 0.998).

Laulau 5

Dichotomous fa'ata'ita'iga fa'apitoa fa'avasegaga fa'avasegaga (AUC; 0.0-1.0) fa'ai'uga mo tamaiti ta'ito'atasi e to'atolu e sili ona lelei a'oa'oga mo polokalame fa'atusa ta'itasi.

Fa'ata'ita'iga Fa'ata'ita'iga	Polokalame o le Lisi o Igoa	Naive Bayes	Lagolago Vector Machine
MCI-AD versus AD	0.7465	0.7810	0.7443
MCI-VaD ma le VaD	0.8033	0.8044	0.8338

Le fa'atinoga aupito maualuga mo polokalame fa'ata'ita'iga ta'itasi o lo'o fa'aalia ile toa (e le o se mea fa'afuainumera e ese mai isi e le o totonu toa).

TALANOAGA

E taua le vave iloa o suiga i le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau aoga aoga ile pulega ole soifua maloloina ma le soifua maloloina lautele. O le mea moni, e matua maualuga lava le fa'amuamua i falema'i mo gasegase i le lalolagi atoa. O le fa'amoemoe fa'atasi o le fa'ailoa lea o tagata mama'i, tagata tausi ma'i, ma 'au'aunaga ma fa'agasolo vave togafitiga talafeagai ma taugofie ma tausiga umi mo i latou ua amata ona fa'aitiitia le mafaufau. O le tu'ufa'atasia o a matou fa'amaumauga fa'amaumauga e tolu a le falema'i/falema'i, na matou fa'ailoaina ai ni tagata a'oa'o iloga se to'atolu (ma se tasi tulaga iloga -Naïve Bayes) e fausia ni fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'i fa'aaoga. Fa'ata'ita'iga fa'atinoga o le MemTrax e mafai ona fa'avasegaina fa'amaoni le tulaga o le soifua maloloina fa'a-dichotomously (normal cognitive health or MCI) e pei ona fa'ailoa mai e le MoCA aggregate score. Fa'amata'ina, o le fa'avasegaga atoa o fa'atinoga mo tamaiti a'oga uma e to'atolu na fa'aleleia pe a fa'aogaina e a matou fa'ata'ita'iga na'o vaega pito i luga e fa lea e fa'atatau i nei metotia fa'atinoga o MemTrax. E le gata i lea, na matou faʻaalia le malosi tele mo le faʻaaogaina o tagata aʻoga tutusa ma MemTrax faʻatinoga metrics i se faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻavasegaina lagolago faʻavasegaina faʻataʻitaʻiga e iloagofie ai le mamafa o vaega e lua o suʻesuʻega o le dementia: AD ma le VaD.

Su'ega manatua e totonugalemu i le vave iloa o le AD [23, 24]. O le mea lea, e fetaui lelei le MemTrax o se mea e talia, faʻafeiloaʻi, ma faigofie ona faʻatinoina i luga ole laiga. su'ega su'ega mo manatua episodic i le faitau aofaʻi lautele [6]. O le saʻo saʻo ma taimi tali mai lenei galuega faʻaauau pea e faʻaalia faapitoa i le faʻaalia vave ma le faʻasolosolo o le faʻaleagaina ma le faʻaleagaina o gaioiga i le neuroplastic e fesoʻotaʻi ma le aʻoaʻoina, manatua, ma le faʻalogo. O lona uiga, o faʻataʻitaʻiga iinei e faʻavae tele i luga o metotia faʻatinoga o MemTrax e maaleale ma e sili atu ona faigofie ma faʻaitiitia le tau e faʻaalia ai faaletonu o le neuropathologic biological i le taimi o le suiga o le asymptomatic stage aʻo leʻi oʻo i le tele o le gau [25]. Ashford et al. suʻesuʻeina faʻataʻitaʻiga mamanu ma amioga o le saʻo o le manatuaina o le manatua ma le taimi tali i tagata faʻaoga i luga ole laiga oe na auai i latou lava ma MemTrax [6]. O le faʻaaloalo o nei tufatufaga e taua tele i le faʻataʻitaʻiga sili ona lelei ma le atinaʻeina o talosaga faʻapitoa mo le tausiga o tagata maʻi, faʻamalamalamaina le faʻaogaina o le falemaʻi ma faʻamatalaga taimi tali e taua i le faʻavaeina o se faʻavae taua mo le falemaʻi ma suʻesuʻega aoga. Ole aoga aoga ole MemTrax ile su'esu'ega a le AD mo le fa'aletonu o le mafaufau vave ma le fesoasoani fa'apitoa e mana'omia ona su'esu'eina atili i le tulaga o se falema'i lea e mafai ona mafaufauina ai fa'alavelave fa'atasi ma le mafaufau, lagona, ma le afi e a'afia ai le fa'atinoga o su'ega. Ma ina ia faʻailoa atu faʻamatalaga faʻapolofesa ma faʻamalosia le faʻaaogaina o falemaʻi, e taua muamua le faʻaalia o le faʻatusatusaga i se suʻega suʻesuʻega o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau, e ui lava o le mea mulimuli e mafai ona iloagofie ona o le faigata o suʻega suʻega, aʻoaʻoga ma gagana faʻalavelave, ma aʻafiaga faʻaleaganuʻu [26] . I lenei tulaga, o le faʻatusatusaga lelei o MemTrax i le falemaʻi aoga i le MoCA e masani ona faʻapea o se tulaga faʻapisinisi e taua tele, aemaise lava pe a fuaina le sili atu le faigofie o le aoga ma le taliaina maʻi o MemTrax.

O su'esu'ega muamua o lo'o fa'atusatusaina le MemTrax i le MoCA o lo'o fa'amamafaina ai le mafuaaga ma fa'amaoniga muamua e fa'amaonia ai a tatou su'esu'ega fa'ata'ita'iga [8]. Ae ui i lea, o lenei faʻatusatusaga muamua e naʻo le fesoʻotaʻi o metotia autu e lua o le MemTrax na matou suʻesuʻeina ma le tulaga o le mafaufau e pei ona fuafuaina e le MoCA ma faʻamalamalamaina laina taʻitasi ma tau tipi. Na matou faʻalolotoina le suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa a le MemTrax e ala i le suʻesuʻeina o se faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga o le a maua ai se iloiloga faʻapitoa a le tagata lava ia o isi faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻapitoa faʻapitoa. I le faʻatusatusa i isi, matou te leʻi maua se avanoa i faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai se faʻasaʻoga aʻoaʻoga (fetuunaʻiga) i le sikoa a le MoCA poʻo le fesuiaʻiina o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau e faʻavasegaina le sikoa sikoa a le MoCA mai le 26 i le 23 na fautuaina muamua [12, 15]. O le mea moni, o le fa'avasegaina o fa'atinoga fa'apitoa e fa'amanuiaina ile fa'aogaina ole sikoa ole MoCA ma le maualuga maualuga.

Manatu taua ile fa'ata'ita'iga ile falema'i

O le a'oa'oina o masini e masani ona fa'aoga lelei ma sili ona aoga i fa'ata'ita'iga va'ai pe a tele fa'amaumauga ma tele-dimensional, o lona uiga, pe a tele ni fa'amatalaga ma se fa'atasiga lautele o uiga maualuga-taua (saofa'i). Peita'i, fa'atasi ai ma nei fa'amaumauga o lo'o iai nei, o fa'ata'ita'iga fa'amama fa'atasi ma na'o fa'ailoga filifilia e fa e sili atu le lelei nai lo le fa'aogaina uma o foliga masani e 10. O loʻo faʻaalia ai o le matou faʻamaumauga a le falemaʻi e leʻi i ai ni faʻataʻitaʻiga sili ona talafeagai (maualuga) e faʻavasega lelei ai maʻi i lenei auala. Ae ui i lea, o le faʻavasegaga faʻapitoa e faʻamamafa i luga o le MemTrax faʻatinoga metrics-MTx-% C ma MTx-RT-e lagolagoina malosi le fausiaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga o suʻesuʻega faʻaletonu o le mafaufau i le amataga o lenei suʻega e faigofie, faigofie ona faʻatinoina, taugofie, ma faʻaalia lelei e uiga i. fa'atinoga manatua, a itiiti mai i le taimi nei e fai ma ata muamua mo se fa'avasegaga fa'alua o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau. Talu ai ona o le faʻatuputeleina o faʻafitauli i luga o le auʻaunaga ma faiga faʻalesoifua maloloina, o faiga suʻesuʻe o maʻi ma faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻapitoa e tatau ona faʻaleleia lelei ma se faʻamamafa i le aoina, siaki, ma le faʻataʻitaʻiina o uiga maʻi ma suʻega suʻega e sili ona aoga, aoga, ma faʻamaonia lelei i suʻesuʻega. ma le lagolago ile pulega ole gasegase.

Faatasi ai ma metotia autu e lua o MemTrax o loʻo totonugalemu i le faʻavasegaina o le MCI, o le matou tagata aʻoga maualuga (Naïve Bayes) sa i ai se maualuga maualuga faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga i le tele o faʻataʻitaʻiga (AUC i luga o le 0.90) faʻatasi ai ma se fua faʻatatau moni-lelei i le sese-lelei latalata pe sili atu i le 4. : 1. O se fa'aliliuga fa'aoga fa'aoga e fa'aaoga ai lenei tagata a'oa'o e mafai ona pu'eina (fa'avasega sa'o) i le tele o i latou e fa'aletonu le mafaufau, a'o fa'aitiitia le tau e feso'ota'i ma le fa'avasega sese o se tasi e iai le soifua maloloina masani o le mafaufau o lo'o i ai se fa'aletonu o le mafaufau (sese lelei) po'o misia lena fa'avasegaga i latou o lo'o i ai se fa'aletonu o le mafaufau (sese le lelei). Po'o se tasi o nei fa'aaliga o le fa'avasega sese e mafai ona tu'uina atu ai se avega fa'ale-mafaufau-fa'ale-agafesootai i le ma'i ma tagata tausi.

A'o i su'esu'ega muamua ma le atoatoa na matou fa'aogaina uma ai tagata a'oa'o e to'asefulu i polokalame fa'ata'ita'iga ta'itasi, sa fa'atatau a matou taunu'uga i fa'avasegaga e tolu o lo'o fa'aalia ai le fa'atinoina o le malosi sili ona tumau. E fa'amanino fo'i, e fa'atatau i nei fa'amaumauga, o tagata a'oa'o e fa'amoemoe e fa'atino fa'alagolago i se tulaga maualuga i se fa'aoga fa'apitoa i le fa'avasegaina o le tulaga o le mafaufau. E le gata i lea, talu ai o lenei suʻesuʻega na faʻamoemoeina e avea o se suʻesuʻega folasaga i le aoga o masini aʻoaʻoga i suʻesuʻega o le mafaufau ma nei luitau faʻapitoa taimi, na matou faia ai le faʻaiuga e faʻafaigofie ma faʻasalalau auala e aʻoaʻo ai, faʻatasi ai ma le faʻaogaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga. Matou te talisapaia o lenei faiga e mafai ona faʻatapulaʻaina le gafatia mo faʻamaʻi vaapiapi faʻamalamalamaga faʻapitoa faʻapitoa faʻamaʻi. E faʻapea foʻi, e ui o le aʻoaʻoina o faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai na o foliga pito i luga (faʻapipiʻiina) e faʻailoa atili mai ia i matou e uiga i nei faʻamaumauga (faʻapitoa i faʻaletonu i faʻamaumauga na aoina ma faʻamaonia ai le taua i le faʻaogaina o taimi taua ma punaoa), matou te iloa e vave ona vaʻai. le lautele o faʻataʻitaʻiga ma, o le mea lea, o mea uma (ma isi vaega) e tatau ona iloiloina i suʻesuʻega i le lumanaʻi seia oʻo ina maua se faʻamatalaga sili atu ona faʻamaonia o mea e ave i ai le faamuamua e faʻatatau i le faitau aofaʻi lautele. O le mea lea, matou te iloa atoatoa foi o le tele o faʻamatalaga faʻapitoa ma lautele faʻamatalaga ma faʻataʻitaʻiga o nei mea ma isi faʻataʻitaʻiga o le a manaʻomia aʻo leʻi tuʻufaʻatasia i latou i se faʻaoga aoga aoga, aemaise lava le faʻaogaina o faʻamaʻi pipisi e aʻafia ai le gaioiga o le mafaufau lea e manaʻomia ona iloiloina i le suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa.

O le fa'aogaina o le MemTrax na fa'amalosia atili e ala i le fa'ata'ita'iina o le fa'ama'i ogaoga e fa'avae i luga ole su'esu'ega fa'apitoa. E sili atu le faʻavasegaina o faʻatinoga i le vaʻaia o le mamafa o le VaD (faʻatusatusa i le AD) e leai fa'ate'ia tu'uina atu fa'amatalaga fa'amatalaga ma'i i fa'ata'ita'iga fa'apitoa mo le soifua maloloina vascular ma le lamatiaga o le stroke, ie, toto maualuga, hyperlipidemia, ma'i suka, ma (ioe) talafaasolopito o le stroke. E ui lava e sili atu ona mana'omia ma fetaui le faia o le su'esu'ega fa'a-ma'i tutusa e faia i tagata mama'i tutusa ma le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau e a'oa'o ai tagata a'oa'o i nei fa'amatalaga e aofia ai. E matua fa'amaonia lenei mea, aua o le MemTrax e fa'amoemoe e fa'aaoga muamua mo le vave iloa o se fa'aletonu o le mafaufau ma mulimuli mai le siakiina o suiga ta'ito'atasi. E fa'apea fo'i e fa'apea o le tele o le mana'omia o le tufatufaina atu o fa'amaumauga i totonu o le VaD dataset na saofagā i se vaega i le fa'atusatusaina o fa'atinoga fa'atusa lelei. O le VaD dataset na paleni lelei i le va o vasega e lua, ae o le AD dataset ma le toʻaitiiti o tagata MCI e leai. Aemaise lava i faʻamaumauga laiti, e oʻo lava i nai faʻaopoopoga faʻaopoopo e mafai ona faia se eseesega fua. O faʻaaliga uma e lua o ni finauga talafeagai e faʻavaeina ai le eseesega o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga o faʻamaʻi ogaoga. Ae ui i lea, o le fa'atatauina o le fa'aleleia atili o le fa'atinoga i fa'amaumauga o fa'ailoga numera po'o uiga fa'apitoa e fa'atatau i le fa'aaliga o falema'i o lo'o iloiloina e vave. Ae ui i lea, o lenei tala na faʻaalia le faʻaogaina o se faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻavasegaga a MemTrax i le matafaioi o le faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻapitoa e maua ai se vaʻaiga taua ma faʻamaonia le tulituliloaina mo suʻesuʻega faaopoopo ma tagata gasegase i le faʻaauau o le MCI.

O le faʻatinoina ma le faʻaalia o le aoga o MemTrax ma nei faʻataʻitaʻiga i Saina, lea e matua ese ai le gagana ma le aganuʻu mai isi itulagi o loʻo faʻaaogaina aoga (faʻataʻitaʻiga, Farani, Netherlands, ma le Iunaite Setete) [7, 8, 27], o loʻo faʻaalia atili ai le gafatia. mo le lautele o le taliaina o le lalolagi atoa ma le aoga o se faʻavae faʻavae MemTrax. O se fa'ata'ita'iga fa'aalia lea i le taumafai i le fa'amaopoopoina o fa'amaumauga ma le atina'eina o tu'utu'uga fa'ava-o-malo ma fa'ata'ita'iga alagā'oa mo su'esu'ega o le mafaufau e fa'ata'atia ma faigofie ona fa'aogaina mo le fa'aoga i le lalolagi atoa.

Laasaga e soso'o ai ile fa'ata'ita'iga ma le fa'aoga ole mafaufau

O le faaletonu o le mafaufau i le AD e tupu moni lava i luga o se faʻaauau, ae le o ni laasaga poʻo ni laasaga [28, 29]. Ae ui i lea, i lenei laasaga muamua, o la matou sini o le faʻavae muamua lea o lo matou gafatia e fausia se faʻataʻitaʻiga e aofia ai le MemTrax lea e mafai ona faʻamaonia le "masani" mai le "le masani". Fa'amatalaga fa'apitoa fa'apitoa (fa'ata'ita'iga, fa'ata'ita'iga o le fai'ai, foliga fa'apitoa, fa'ailoga fa'aola, mea fa'atasi, ma fa'ailoga fa'atino o lavelave. gaoioiga e mana'omia ai le mafaufau pulea) [30] i itulagi eseese o le lalolagi, faitau aofaʻi, ma vaitausaga e aʻoaʻoina ma atinaʻe sili atu faʻapitoa (e aofia ai faʻataʻitaʻiga mamafa) masini aʻoaʻoga faʻataʻitaʻiga o le a lagolagoina se tikeri sili atu o le faʻavasegaina, o lona uiga, o le gafatia e faʻavasega vaega o maʻi ma MCI i totonu o vaega laiti ma sili atu ona faʻamaonia i luga o le faʻaauau le paʻu o le mafaufau. E le gata i lea, o su'esu'ega fa'a-ma'i fa'atasi mo tagata ta'ito'atasi i fa'aitulagi eseese o tagata ma'i e mana'omia aoaoina lelei o nei fa'ata'ita'iga sili atu fa'atasi ma fa'amoemoeina malosi. Ole mea lea ole a fa'afaigofie ai le fa'avasegaina o mataupu fa'apitoa mo i latou e tutusa o latou tala'aga, a'afiaga, ma fa'auiga vaapiapi fa'amatalaga fa'apitoa fa'apitoa ma fa'apea ona fa'amalieina ai le lagolago a le falema'i ma le tausiga o ma'i.

Ole tele ole su'esu'ega ile falema'i e o'o mai i le taimi nei ua fa'atatau i tagata mama'i e le itiiti ifo ile ma'i; ma, i le fa'atinoga, e tele lava ina taumafai le fa'alavelave fa'ama'i i tulaga maualuga. Ae ui i lea, talu ai ona o le paʻu o le mafaufau e amata aʻo leʻi ausia tulaga faʻapitoa mo le tuinanau, o le faʻaogaina lelei o le MemTrax faʻavae muamua e mafai ona faʻamalosia aʻoaʻoga talafeagai o tagata taʻitoʻatasi e uiga i le faʻamaʻi ma ona alualu i luma ma vave vave ma sili atu taimi. O le mea lea, o le vave suʻesuʻeina e mafai ona lagolagoina le aʻafiaga talafeagai e amata mai i le faʻamalositino, meaʻai, lagolago faʻalagona, ma le faʻaleleia atili o agafesootai i togafitiga faʻafomaʻi ma faʻamalosia suiga e fesoʻotaʻi ma le maʻi i amioga ma manatu e mafai ona faʻaitiitia pe ono taofia le alualu i luma o le tuinanau [31, 32] . E le gata i lea, ma le aoga vave su'esu'e, o tagata taitoatasi ma o latou aiga e mafai ona uunaia e mafaufau i suʻesuʻega faʻapitoa poʻo le mauaina o fautuaga ma isi fesoasoani faʻaagafesootai e fesoasoani e faʻamalamalama faʻamoemoega ma faʻamoemoega ma faʻatautaia galuega i aso taitasi. O isi faʻamaoniga ma faʻalauteleina faʻaoga faʻaoga i nei auala e mafai ona fesoasoani i le faʻaitiitia poʻo le taofia o le alualu i luma o le MCI, AD, ma le ADRD mo le tele o tagata.

O le mea moni, o le pito maualalo o le matutua o tagata maʻi i la matou suʻesuʻega e le faʻatusalia le faitau aofaʻi o popolega masani ma AD. Ae ui i lea, o le averesi o tausaga mo vaega taʻitasi o loʻo faʻaaogaina i le faʻavasegaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga polokalame e faʻavae i luga o le MoCA score/threshold ma faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi (Laulau 3) o loʻo faʻamaonia ai le toʻatele (sili atu i le 80%) e le itiiti ifo i le 50 tausaga. O lenei tufatufaga e matua talafeagai lava mo le faʻasalalauga lautele, lagolagoina le aoga o nei faʻataʻitaʻiga i le faitau aofaʻi o loʻo faʻaalia i latou e masani ona aʻafia i vave amata ma le fa'atupula'ia o gasegase neurocognitive ona o le AD ma le VaD. E le gata i lea, o faʻamaoniga ma faʻamatalaga lata mai o loʻo faʻamamafaina ai mea taua (faʻataʻitaʻiga, toto maualuga, oona, suka, ma le ulaula) e ono saofagā i le vave maualuga. tagata matutua ma le vaeluagalemu o tulaga lamatia vascular togi ma iʻu mai manuʻa faiʻai vascular maaleale e atiaʻe faʻapitoa ma faʻaalia aafiaga e oʻo lava i talavou. tagata matutua [33–35]. O le mea lea, o le avanoa sili ona lelei mo su'esu'ega muamua mo le vave iloa tulaga faaletonu o le mafaufau ma le amataina o le puipuiga lelei ma le faʻaogaina o taʻiala i le faʻamalieina o le tuinanau o le a alia'e mai le su'esu'eina o mea taua ma fa'ailo fa'ailo i le fuala'au o le matua, e aofia ai le amataga o le matua ma e ono o'o fo'i i le tamaitiiti (matauina le talafeagai o mea tau kenera e pei o le apolipoprotein E mai le amataga o maitaga).

I le fa'ata'ita'iga, o su'esu'ega fa'apitoa fa'amanino ma fa'ata'ita'iga taugatā mo fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'i, fa'ata'ita'iga o kenera, ma le fuaina o fa'ailoga olaola e le'o maua i taimi uma pe mafai fo'i mo le tele o tagata e tu'uina atu. O le mea lea, i le tele o tulaga, o le faʻavasegaina o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau muamua atonu e tatau ona maua mai faʻataʻitaʻiga e faʻaaoga ai isi metotia faigofie e saunia e le maʻi (faʻataʻitaʻiga, lipoti a le tagata lava ia. faafitauli mafaufau, vaila'au o lo'o i ai nei, ma tapula'a fa'agaioiga masani) ma foliga masani o tagata [7]. Resitala pei ole Iunivesite o Kalefonia Soifua Maloloina o le faiai Resitala (https://www.brainhealthregistry.org/) [27] ma isi o loʻo i ai le lautele lautele o faʻamaoniga e lipotia e le tagata lava ia, fua faʻatatau (faʻataʻitaʻiga, moe ma aso uma cognition), vailaʻau, tulaga o le soifua maloloina, ma talafaasolopito, ma sili atu auiliiliga demographics o le a avea ma meafaigaluega i le atinaʻeina ma le faʻamaoniaina o le faʻaaogaina o nei faʻataʻitaʻiga sili atu i le falemaʻi. E le gata i lea, o se suʻega e pei o le MemTrax, lea na faʻaalia ai le aoga i le suʻesuʻeina o galuega manatua, atonu o le mea moni e maua ai se faʻatusatusaga sili atu o le AD pathology nai lo faʻailoga olaola. Tuuina atu o le autu autu o le AD pathology o le faʻalavelaveina o le neuroplasticity ma se faʻalavelave faʻalavelave faʻafuaseʻi o synapses, lea e faʻaalia e pei o episodic. fa'aletonu le mafaufau, o se fua e su'esu'eina ai mafaufauga episodic atonu o le mea moni tuʻuina atu se faʻatusatusaga sili atu o le avega faʻamaʻi o le AD nai lo faʻailoga olaola i le maʻi ola [36].

Faatasi ai ma faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga uma-pe faʻapipiʻiina i faʻamatalaga lavelave ma faʻapipiʻi mai tekinolosi faʻaonaponei ma faʻamalamalamaga faʻapitoa i falemaʻi i le tele o vaega poʻo na faʻamapulaʻaina i faʻamatalaga sili atu ma faigofie ona maua o faʻamatalaga o loʻo i ai nei maʻi - o le faʻaogaina lelei o le atamai faʻapitoa. ma le a'oa'oina o masini e fa'apea o fa'ata'ita'iga e maua mai e mafai ona tu'ufa'atasia ma 'a'oa'o' mai fa'amaumauga fou talafeagai ma le va'aiga e tu'uina mai e ala i le fa'aogaina pea o talosaga. I le maeʻa ai o le faʻaaogaina o tekonolosi, e pei o faʻataʻitaʻiga iinei (ma e atiaʻe) e faʻaaogaina ma faʻatamaoaigaina i le tele o mataupu ma faʻamatalaga talafeagai (e aofia ai maʻi e iai faʻamaʻi faʻamaʻi e mafai ona oʻo mai ma le paʻu o le mafaufau), o le faʻatinoga o le vaʻaiga ma le faʻavasegaina o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau o le a sili atu ona malosi, e maua ai le fa'aoga lelei o le fa'ai'uga fa'ai'uga a falema'i. O lenei fa'afouga o le a sili atu ona atoatoa ma fa'ataunu'uina i le fa'apipi'iina o le MemTrax i tu ma aga (fa'atatau i agava'a avanoa) e mafai ona fa'aogaina e 'au'aunaga soifua maloloina i le taimi moni i totonu o le falema'i.

E taua tele i le faʻamaonia ma le faʻaogaina o le MemTrax faʻataʻitaʻiga mo le suʻesuʻeina o suʻesuʻega ma le tausiga o maʻi o loʻo sailia tele faʻamatalaga umi umi. E ala i le matauina ma le faamaumauina o suiga tutusa (pe a iai) i le tulaga o le falemaʻi i se tulaga talafeagai masani e ala i le amataga o le MCI, o faʻataʻitaʻiga mo suʻesuʻega faifaipea talafeagai ma faʻavasegaga e mafai ona aʻoaʻoina ma faʻaleleia aʻo matutua maʻi ma togafitia. O lona uiga, e mafai ona fesoasoani le fa'aaogaina faifaipea i le su'esu'eina umi o suiga o le mafaufau, le lelei o le fa'aogaina, ma le fa'atumauina o le tausiga fa'apitoa. O lenei faiga e sili atu ona fetaui lelei ma faʻataʻitaʻiga falemaʻi ma le gasegase ma le puleaina o mataupu.

tapulaa

Matou te talisapaia le luʻitau ma le taua i le aoina o faʻamaumauga mama ile falemaʻi ile falemaʻi / falemaʻi. Ae ui i lea, semanu e faʻamalosia ai la matou faʻataʻitaʻiga pe a fai o matou faʻamaumauga e aofia ai le tele o tagata gasegase ma foliga masani. E le gata i lea, fa'apitoa i la matou su'esu'ega fa'ata'ita'iga, semanu e sili atu ona mana'omia ma fetaui lelei le faia o le su'esu'ega fa'afoma'i tutusa e faia i tagata mama'i tutusa ma le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau e toleni ai le au a'oa'o. Ma e pei ona faamamafaina e le maualuga o le faʻavasegaina o faʻatinoga e faʻaogaina ai faʻamaumauga faʻapipiʻi (naʻo vaega pito i luga e fa), sili atu lautele ma fa'ailoga ole soifua maloloina ole mafaufau e ono fa'aleleia faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻatinoga ma se numera sili atu o foliga masani i luga o gasegase uma.

O nisi tagata auai atonu na feagai fa'atasi ma isi fa'ama'i e ono fa'aosoina ai le le atoatoa o le mafaufau. E ese mai i le XL sub-dataset lea na faʻavasegaina ai tagata maʻi e iai le AD poʻo le VaD, e leʻi aoina / lipotia faʻamaumauga faʻatasi i le vaitaele o le maʻi YH, ma o le faʻasalalauga faʻapitoa na lipotia mai i le KM sub-dataset o le maʻisuka. Ae ui i lea, e finauina, e aofia ai maʻi i totonu oa tatou faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻataʻitaʻiga ma comorbidities e mafai ona faʻamalosia pe faʻateleina ai se tulaga o le le atoatoa o le mafaufau ma le faʻaitiitia o le MemTrax faʻatinoga o le a sili atu ona faʻatusalia le faitau aofaʻi o tagata mamaʻi faʻatatau i le lalolagi mo lenei suʻesuʻega vave o le mafaufau. ma faiga fa'ata'ita'iga. O le aga'i i luma, o su'esu'ega sa'o o fa'ama'i e ono a'afia ai le fa'atinoga o le mafaufau e lautele le aoga mo le fa'asilisiliina o fa'ata'ita'iga ma fa'ai'uga mo le tausiga o ma'i.

I le mea mulimuli, o le YH ma le KM sub-dataset maʻi na faʻaogaina se telefoni e suʻe ai le MemTrax suʻega, ae o se numera faʻatapulaʻa o le XL sub-dataset maʻi na faʻaaogaina se iPad ae o isi na faʻaaogaina se telefoni. O lenei mea na mafai ona faʻaalia ai se eseesega e fesoʻotaʻi ma masini i le MemTrax faʻatinoga mo le faʻavasegaina o le MoCA. Ae ui i lea, o eseesega (pe a iai) i le MTx-RT, mo se faʻataʻitaʻiga, i le va o masini e ono faʻatauvaʻa, aemaise lava i tagata taʻitoʻatasi e tuʻuina atu se suʻega "faʻataʻitaʻi" aʻo leʻi faʻamauina le faʻatinoga o suʻega. Ae ui i lea, o le faʻaogaina o nei masini e lua e mafai ona faʻafefeteina le faʻatusatusaga tuusaʻo ma/poʻo le tuʻufaʻatasia ma isi faʻaiʻuga MemTrax lea e tali atu ai tagata e toe fai ata e ala i le paʻi i le avanoa avanoa i luga o le komepiuta komepiuta.

Manatu taua ile aoga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'atusa a MemTrax

• • O a matou fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga sili ona lelei e aofia ai metotia fa'atinoga o le MemTrax ua filifilia e mafai ona fa'avasega lelei le tulaga o le soifua maloloina o le mafaufau (soifua maloloina o le mafaufau po'o le MCI) e pei ona fa'ailoa mai e le su'ega a le MoCA e iloa lautele.
• • O nei fa'ai'uga e lagolagoina le tu'ufa'atasia o metotia fa'atinoga o le MemTrax ua filifilia i totonu o se fa'avasegaga fa'ata'ita'iga fa'ata'ita'iga su'esu'ega mo le vave fa'aletonu o le mafaufau.
• • O la matou fa'avasegaga fa'ata'ita'iga na fa'aalia ai fo'i le avanoa e fa'aogaina ai le fa'atinoga o le MemTrax i talosaga mo le fa'avasegaina o le ogaoga o su'esu'ega o le dementia.

O nei suʻesuʻega fou e faʻavaeina faʻamaoniga mautinoa e lagolagoina ai le aoga o masini aʻoaʻoga i le fausiaina o faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻavasegaga faʻavae MemTrax faʻaleleia atili mo le faʻataʻitaʻiga lagolago i le faʻaogaina lelei o mataupu tau falemaʻi ma le tausiga o maʻi mo tagata taʻitoʻatasi o loʻo feagai ma le faʻaletonu o le mafaufau.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Matou te iloa le galuega a J. Wesson Ashford, Curtis B. Ashford, ma paaga mo le atinaʻeina ma le faʻamaoniaina o le galuega faʻaauau i luga ole laiga ma meafaigaluega (MemTrax) faʻaaogaina iinei ma matou te faʻafetai i le tele o tagata gasegase e maua i le tuinanau o loʻo saofagā i suʻesuʻega faʻavae taua. . Matou te faafetai foi ia Xianbo Zhou ma ana paaga i le SJN Biomed LTD, o ana paaga ma tagata faigaluega i nofoaga o falemai / falemaʻi, aemaise lava Dr. M. Luo ma M. Zhong, o e na fesoasoani i le faafaigaluegaina o tagata auai, faatulagaina o suega, ma le aoina mai, pueina, ma le pito i luma o le puleaina o faamatalaga, ma le au volenitia na ofoina atu o latou taimi taua ma faia le tautinoga e suʻe suʻega ma saunia. fa'amaumauga taua mo i matou e iloilo i lenei su'esu'ega. Lenei su'esu'ega sa lagolagoina i se vaega e le MD Scientific Research Polokalama a le Kunming Medical University (Grant nu. 2017BS028 to XL) ma le Polokalame Suesuega a Yunnan Science and Technology Department (Grant nu. 2019FE001 (-222) i le XL).

Ua tuʻuina atu e J. Wesson Ashford se talosaga pateni mo le faʻaogaina o le faʻataʻitaʻiga faʻaauau faʻaauau o loʻo faʻamatalaina i lenei pepa mo le lautele. su'ega ole manatua.

MemTrax, LLC o se kamupani e umia e Curtis Ashford, ma o lenei kamupani o loʻo pulea le su'ega manatua faiga fa'amatala i lenei pepa.

O fa'amatalaga a tusitala o lo'o maua i luga ole laiga (https://www.j-alz.com/manuscript-disclosures/19-1340r2).

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Feso'ota'iga: [a] SIVOTEC Analytics, Boca Raton, FL, ISA | [b] Matagaluega o Komepiuta ma Eletise Inisinia ma Saienisi Komepiuta, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, ISA | [c] SJN Biomed LTD, Kunming, Yunnan, Saina | [d] Nofoaga Autu mo Su'esu'ega a Alzheimer, Washington Institute of Clinical Research, Uosigitone, DC, ISA | [e] Matagaluega o Faʻafomaʻi Faʻafomaʻi, Le Falemaʻi Faʻatasi Muamua a le Iunivesite Faafomai a Kunming, Kunming, Yunnan, Saina | [f] Matagaluega o Neurology, Dehong People's Hospital, Dehong, Yunnan, Saina | [g] Matagaluega o Neurology, le Falemai Faʻatasi Muamua a Kunming Medical University, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, Saina | [h] Nofoaga Autu Suesuega mo Ma'i ma Manu'a Fa'atatau i Taua, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, ISA | [i] Matagaluega o Tomai Fa'afoma'i & Saienisi Amio, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, ISA

Feso'ota'iga: [*] Feso'ota'iga i: Michael F. Bergeron, PhD, FACSM, SIVOTEC Analytics, Boca Raton Innovation Campus, 4800 T-Rex Avenue, Suite 315, Boca Raton, FL 33431, ISA. I-meli: mbergeron@sivotecanalytics.com.; Xiaolei Liu, MD, Matagaluega o Neurology, Falemai Faʻatasi Muamua a le Iunivesite Faʻafomaʻi a Kunming, 295 Xichang Road, Wuhua District, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650032, Saina. I-meli: ring@vip.163.com.

upu autu: matua, faamai o le Alzheimer, tu'uvalea, su'esu'ega tele